ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of room temperatures upon body temperatures were studied by measuring esophageal, nasopharyngeal, deltoid muscle, deltoid skin and fingertip temperatures in adults undergoing surgical operations not involving the body cavities. Patients were lightly anesthetized, paralyzed, and fully draped. Room temperatures varied from 17.5 C (63.5 F) to 23.8 C (74.8 F). Intravenous fluids and transfusions were given at room temperature. At or above a “critical ambient temperature” of 21 C (70 F) esophageal and nasopharyngeal temperatures of patients remained essentially stable in the normal range of 36.0-37.5 C. Body temperatures of patients in rooms cooler than 21 C were less than 36.0 C 45 minutes postinduction of anesthesia, and progressively declined at a mean rate of 0.3 degrees C/hour in the ensuing two to three hours. The difference between the two groups was significant.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Uterine blood loss was measured in 87 healthy women undergoing elective therapeutic abortion while anesthetized with any of eight anesthetic or ventilatory techniques. A 1 per cent alveolar concentration of halothane produced the highest mean blood loss (283 ml); reduction of halothane to 0.5 per cent and addition of 75 per cent nitrous oxide decreased mean blood loss to 169 ml. Addition of thiopental and meperidine to the halothane–nitrous oxide mixture increased the blood loss to that seen with 1 per cent halothane. Blood loss with 5 per cent alveolar fluroxene was 233 ml. Eighty per cent nitrous oxide plus intravenous thiopental and meperidine yielded a blood loss of 58 ml. Blood losses with all anesthetics, except nitrous oxide plus adjuvants, were significantly larger than the 25-ml loss observed with paracervical-block anesthesia. Hyperventilation (PaCO2less than 20 torr) did not reduce blood loss significantly in two groups of patients anesthetized with either 0.5 per cent halothane and nitrous oxide or 75 per cent nitrous oxide plus intravenous adjuvants.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Arterial oxygenation during and for three minutes after endotracheal suctioning was studied in 22 patients with no known pulmonary disease. Patients were anesthetized and pulmonary ventilation automatically controlled. Variables tested were duration of suction, FiO2and fit of suction catheter in the endotracheal tube. There were significantly greater decreases in PaO2with prolonged suction. Patients breathing 25 per cent oxygen had significantly greater decreases in PaO2during suctioning than patients breathing 40 per cent oxygen. Full impaction of the suction tube in the endotracheal tube did not produce changes in PaO2significantly different from those which occurred when a 16-gauge catheter was used. Hyperinflation sustained for ten seconds following suctioning resulted in significantly smaller relative decreases in PaO2than no hyperinflation. The decreases in PaO2were significantly smaller during and after apnea alone than during and after apnea with suction.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Biotransformation of14C-labeled halothane was studied in anesthetists and pharmacists. Halothane was administered intravenously and non-lyophilizable radioactivity assayed in urine and other excreta by liquid scintillation counting. Exhaled halothane was trapped in toluene and assayed similarly. Urine was collected every two hours for 12 hours, followed by total collection for the first 24 hours and total collection for as long as 13 days. Breath samples were assayed in some cases for as long as six days after tracer injection. In two subjects the effects of concomitant halothane anesthesia were investigated. Urinary excretion of radioactivity increased when the tracer was injected into unanesthetized subjects, as compared with anethetized subject. Four of five anesthetists excreted more radioactivity than the pharmacists during the first two hours after tracer injection. This difference decreased with time. Pharmacists showed smaller variation and generally had smaller amounts of urinary radioactivity. Excretion of radioactivity may take weeks. Radioactivity was found in feces and sweat. Exhalation of halothane lasting as long as six days was found.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Fructose produced dose-dependent increases in the force of contraction of isolated rat atria depressed by substrate-free Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium. The maximally effective concentration of fructose was 30 mM. The nonmetabolized sugar sucrose, also administered at 30 mM, was without effect when administered under the same conditions. Neither fructose (30 mM) nor glucose (20 mM) was effective in restoring force of contraction of atria depressed by Krebs-Ringer medium containing 5.5 mM glucose without bicarbonate; pyruvate (5 mM), however, produced a marked positive inotropic effect in this medium. Since bicarbonate is necessary for phospho-fructokinase activity, these results are taken as evidence that fructose is metabolized via this step to serve as an energy-yielding fuel for atrial contractility. In another experiment atria suspended in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate glucose medium were depressed 50 per cent by approximately 6 mg/100 ml of halothane. Addition of 30 mM fructose to these depressed atria resulted in a marked increase in contractile force. The results are consistent with a previous report suggesting blockade by halothane of the uptake or utilization of glucose in the glycolytic pathway, and further pinpoint the blockade as an early step in the glycolytic sequence prior to the phospho-fructokinase step.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of maternal hyperventilation during nitrous oxide and succinylcholine anesthesia was studied in seven pigtailed macaques near term during cesarean section. An average maternal arterialpH of 7.66 and an average carbon dioxide tension of 13 torr were achieved. Uterine blood flow, cardiac output, arterial blood pressure, and blood gases were measured during hyperventilation and control periods immediately before and after hyperventilation. Average uterine blood flow and uterine oxygen consumption remained relatively constant during all three periods. There were a small reduction in cardiac output and a significant increase in total peripheral resistance during hyperventilation. ThepH of uterine venous blood rose significantly and in the two cases studied umbilical arterialpH also increased. These observations do not support the contention that maternal hyperventilation results in uterine vasoconstriction, and the criteria used do not suggest untoward effects on the fetus.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID