ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The interaction of gallamine, 20 mg, and the interaction ofd-tubocurarine, 3 mg, with succinylcholine, 1 mg/kg, were studied in 25 patients during nitrous oxide-oxygen-meperidine anesthesia. In five patients given three successive doses of succinylcholine separated by intervals of 10 and 20 minutes, no differences in times to onset, magnitudes of twitch-height depression or times of 80 per cent recovery of neuromuscular transmission were found. Prior administration ofd-tubocurarine to ten patients and gallamine to another ten patients did not alter the times to onset or magnitude of twitch-height depression produced by the third dose of succinylcholine. Although mean time to 80 per cent recovery of twitch height after administration of succinylcholine was not significantly altered by gallamine, it was shortened by rf-tubocurarine from 10.9 ± 0.5 (SE) minutes to 8.9 ±0.4 minutes. In all patients, ability to sustain tetanus and absence of posttetanic facilitation indicated the absence of desensitizing neuromuscular block. It is concluded that prior administration of either gallamine or d-tubocurarine in the dose studied has little effect on the magnitude or type of neuromuscular blockade produced by suecinylcholine.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Succinylcholine-induced muscle fasciculations may be prevented by pretreatment with small doses of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. Such pretreatment, however, may increase the difficulty of tracheal intubation by antagonizing succinylcholine (SCh) depolarization. To determine which drugs and doses best prevent fasciculation without compromising muscular relaxation, 158 healthy patients were studied before operation. Gallamine, 10–20 mg, given 3 minutes before SCh, 1.5 mg/kg, abolished fasciculations and allowed intubation under conditions equivalent to those produced by SCh, 1 mg/kg, without pretreatment-d-Tubocurarine, 3 mg, before SCh, 1.5 mg/kg, delayed paralysis. Whend-tubocurarine, 3 mg, or gallamine, 20 mg, preceded SCh, 1 mg/kg, paralysis was delayed and conditions for tracheal intubation were poor. Pancuronium pretreatment either delayed paralysis or did not consistently prevent fasciculations. Recovery of twitch response and spontaneous respiration were not significantly delayed by pretreatment with gallamine,d-tubocurarine, or pancuronium. However, hexafluorenium, 0.4 mg/kg, before SCh, 0.3 mg/kg, delayed onset of and recovery from paralysis and the return of spontaneous respiration. For clinical use, gallamine, 10–20 mg, 3 minutes before SCh, 1.5 mg/kg, is recommended.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of halothanc on blood hemoglobin-oxygen equilibrium invitrowere studied. Mean Pwof blood equilibrated with gas which did not contain halothanc was 2G.53 ± 0.27 torr. MeanPwof blood equilibrated with 1 to 2 per cent halothane was 26.79 ± 0.35 torr (P>0.5). The study did not show any significant effect of halothane on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Gas trapped in the lungs of normal subjects breathing at functional residual capacity (FRC) was measured by a modification of the closed-circuit helium technique. “Closing volume” (CV) was also measured, by the single-breath nitrogen method. Volumes of as much as 193 ml, representing 10 percent FRC, were found trapped, and the amount trapped could be correlated with the relationship between “closing volume” and FRC. Significant volumes were trapped only when CV equalled or exceeded FRC. Compared with the sitting position, the supine position was associated with less FRC and a greater VTG when CV was greater than FRC. It is concluded that the results are evidence of the reality of airway closure and the detrimental effect on gas exchange of die supine position. Altered relationships between FRC and CV may cause the hypoxemia associated with anesthesia and that which follows abdominal surgery

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Pulmonary nitrogen clearance was studied in 16 healthy adult volunteers in the supine and two lateral decubitus positions while the subjects were 1) awake and unpremedicated, and 2) anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated. Five subjects were studied while they were anesthetized, breathing spontaneously. Results of the study indicate that distribution of ventilation in the anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated individual differs from that in the awake person and is probably more even. The slope of the alveolar nitrogen plateau and the magnitude of the cardiogenic oscillations therein were significantly decreased in the paralyzed and ventilated subjects. Functional residual capacity was significantly reduced after induction of anesthesia. Dynamic compliance of the total respiratory system was low in anesthetized, paralyzed, and ventilated subjects.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of succinylcholine and those of halothane on the action of pancuronium were studied in 40 patients. The degree of twitch depression and duration of action of pancuronium (0.02 rag/ kg) were greater in patients who received prior succinylcholine (1 mg/kg) than in those who did not. Halothane also increased the intensity and duration of action of pancuronium. Because of the pseudocholinesterase-inhibiting action of pancuroniam, the effect of succinylcholine given after pancuronium was also studied. There was no clinically significant increase in the effect of succinylcholine after pancuronium.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A second-gas effect of nitrous oxide upon alveolar carbon dioxide tension (PAco2) has been demonstrated in decerebrated cats ventilated with a volume-limited respirator. The Increase in alveolar tension of carbon dioxide (the second gas) which is associated with the start of administration of nitrous oxide (the first gas) is the result of a concentrating effect produced by rapid absorption of nitrous oxide. At an equilibrated PAco2of 40 torr, administration of 80 per cent nitrous oxide resulted in an increase of PAco2of 2.63 ± 0.29 torr (&OV0335; ± SE). The higher the concentration of nitrous oxide and the lower the level of ventilation (the higher the equilibrated PAco2), the greater the increase in PAco2.

ISSN:0003-3022    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1971

数据来源: OVID