ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Both direct and indirect evidence implicate excitatory amino acid neurotransmission in the aetiology of schizophrenia. The data are particularly suggestive for N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) neurotransmission. Four of the six genes coding for subunits of the neuronal NMDA receptor have been mapped. We have studied segregation and allele sharing of markers in these four regions in a sample of southern African Bantu-speaking families multiply affected with DSM-III-R schizophrenia. This population was chosen because anthropological and linguistic data suggest that it has diverged from a small initial population within the past 1000 years, making shared genetic aetiology more likely. We find positive LOD score maxima of 0.876 at marker D9S1838 on chromosome 9q34.3 near theNMDARlcentral subunit gene, 0.758 at marker D17S784 on chromosome 17q25 near theNMDAR2Cpotentiating subunit gene, and 0.453 at marker D12S77 near theNMDAR2Bgene on chromosome 12p12 when analysing affected samples only. Only the region ofNMDAR2A, on chromosome 16p13, can be excluded in this population. There is evidence of increased allele sharing on chromosomes 9q34.3 and 17q25 using APM. Multipoint allele-sharing analysis using GENEHUNTER does not reject possible effects on chromosome 9q34.3, but does not support any involvement of chromosome 17q25. We propose that the NMDA receptor may be involved in the genetic predisposition to schizophrenia in this population through covariation in several of the subunits, which is consistent with the genetic models for the inheritance of the disease.

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Frequency of a polymorphism in the coding region of the 5-hydroxytryptamine2C(5-HT2C) receptor gene (HTR2CXq24) was not significantly different in 122 unrelated Israeli schizophrenia patients compared with 180 control subjects matched for gender and ethnicity. However, proportion of time spent in hospital since the first admission was significantly greater in patients hemi- or homozygous for the 5-HT2Cserallele than in patients carrying other genotypes (p= 0.006). The 5-HT2Csergenotype conferred a 3.3-fold increased risk for lifetime hospitalization exceeding 10 years. Genetically determined variation in the 5-HT2Creceptor may influence the clinical course and phenotypic expression of schizophrenia.

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

According to the maldevelopmental hypothesis, the neurotrophic factor system represents an important area which might be genetically and neurochemically involved in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenic psychoses. Patients suffering from schizophrenic psychoses and control persons were genotyped for a null mutation of the ciliary neurotrophic factor gene. There were no significant differences in the allelic and genotypic distributions in the total schizophrenic and control samples. However, there was a negative association with a family history of psychosis. Thus, it cannot be excluded that this genetic variant represents a vulnerability marker for specific schizophrenic subtypes. The development of valid diagnostic instruments based on biological criteria is crucial for schizophrenia research; more homogenous subgroups are more likely to represent distinct nosological entities than the heterogenous group of diseases presently categorized as schizophrenia.

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An association study of 97 patients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia and 97 matched controls was performed using a polymorphic microsatellite repeat at the dopamine D5 receptor gene. We observed a significant difference between the allele frequencies of patients and controls (X2= 23.4, df = 12,p= 0.019). This reflects an excess of allele 4 (140 bp) in the patients when compared with the control sample (X2= 7.087,p< 0.01; odds ratio = 2.98, 95% CI 1.29–6.86). However, this association remains tentative until confirmation in other samples.

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We examined the association between gene polymorphisms related to central dopaminergic transmission and alcoholism in the Japanese population. Polymorphic gene loci examined included those encoding the dopamine D2 receptor (NcoI site andSer-Cyssite), the dopamine D3 receptor (BalI site), the dopamine D4 receptor (48 bp tandem repeat) and the dopamine transporter (40bp tandem repeat). The genotype distribution at the NcoI site in the dopamine D2 receptor gene differed significantly (p< 0.05) between alcoholic patients and control subjects. The frequency of 7 repeats at the 40 bp/DAT tended to be higher (p< 0.1), and that of 9 repeats tended to be lower (p< 0.1) in alcoholic patients than in control subjects. The possible effects of dopamine-related gene polymorphisms, which might predispose individuals to alcoholism, are discussed.

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0955-8829    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1997

数据来源: OVID