摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_01

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Data from 31 Florida post-rape examination sites reveal a number of dilemmas associated with rape exams: The sites include regular hospital ERs (N = 25), specialized sexual assault treatment centers (SATCs) on hospital grounds (N = 2), a nonhospital-based SATC, a proprietary OB/GYN clinic, a medical examiner's office, and a law enforcement crime lab. Openended interviews indicate that major problems with hospitals as exam sites stem from physicians' dislike of the exam and physician and hospital fears of legal and court entanglements. Prosecutors (and judges) are a major obstacle to nonphysician examiners. A challenge to rethink the post-rape exam, including where and by whom it is performed, is posed.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_02

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Women at high risk for breast cancer were compared to low risk women with respect to frequency of breast selfexamination (BSE), knowledge and quality of BSE, and attitudinal variables. The women at high risk did not practice BSE more frequently than women at low risk, although they were more knowledgeable about BSE, more focused on breast cancer, and less confident in physician proficiency in conducting a breast exam. The rate of monthly BSE practice was low in both groups. Self-confidence about performing BSE was most strongly associated with BSE frequency in both groups. No other variables predicted BSE frequency in the high risk group. In the low risk group, knowledge of BSE technique and breast cancer focus were additional significant predictors.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_03

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purposes of this research were to examine the relationship of female smoking and lifestyle factors and to assess the applicability of an index of "emancipation" to smoking status in women who live in the Province of Ontario. The index of "emancipation," developed by Eide, was based on distinguishing women who are not following traditional roles as housewives from those who are. While reports in the literature confirm that occupational status, marital status and educational achievement are related to female smoking, little is known about the relationship of smoking to other lifestyle factors (e.g., sexual activity, use of cosmetic agents). Some of these relationships were examined through the secondary analysis of two data sets-one from a population survey design to assess relationships between socioeconomic status, sexual behavior, and the occurrence of antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2, and the other from a casecontrol study designed to test the hypothesis that oxidative hair dyes were carcinogenic. Five hundred and sixty-six women participated in the former study and 1,155 in the latter. Analyses revealed that smokers are more active sexually than "never" and "ex-smokers" for all groups of women. In addition, a curvilinear relationship with "emancipation" was found in two of the three groups of women. A higher level of smoking was found in women who were in the middle ranges of "emancipation," a finding very similar to that of Eide (1984,1985) . The possibility that increased levels of stress and or personality characteristics underlie these relationships is discussed.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_04

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study is to assess the extent to which women's roles are associated with health interest and health concerns. In addition, the degree to which interest and concern with health are related to health behaviors is examined. The study population includes 1155 women between the ages of 18 and 64 from a random sample of members of a large health maintenance organization. The subjects were part of a large household interview survey. Medical record data covering seven years of outpatient services are linked with the survey data. The findings indicate that those roles which typically include responsibilities for caring for and protecting the health of family members are associated with a greater interest in health. For example, women who have the responsibility for younger and more dependent children have a greater interest in health than those women with older or no children in the household. Both health interest and health concerns are weakly related in the expected direction to both self-defined and medically-defined health behaviors.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_05

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study examines the characteristics of jobs held by women as compared to men during the 1970s and assesses associations between job characteristics and family status with health status by sex. Sex differences in perceptions about the meaning of work, commitment to the work role, and stresses and rewards are considered. Survey data on 1490 employed men and women, ages 18-64, drawn from a random sample of enrollees of a large health maintenance organization in 1970-71 are linked with medical record data coverlng seven years of outpatient and inpatient services. The findings suggest important differences in the characteristics of jobs held by men and women and in the relative importance of these job characteristics in relation to health. Men held jobs with higher quality intrinsic work characteristics and perceived their jobs to be less stressful and less physically and mentally tiring than did women. Social support and integration through work and occupational status were significantly related to health status for both sexes, however, family responsibilities interact with job characteristics to affect health status for women. Single motherhood, in combination with low social support and integration through work, was related to poor health among women.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_06

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_07

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Teenage girls and young women, whose job it was to apply luminous paint containing radium to watches during World War I, were among the first industrial radiation poisoning victims in the United States. This paper recounts both the story of how their afflictions became "recognized" occupational diseases and of the tangled web of governmental-industrial-academic collusion (largely based on industrial funding of research and experts) which delayed this recognition. It shows how these industrial- academic arrangements led to the establishment of the major academic training programs in occupational medical and industrial hygiene still in existence. Using historical sources, this study provides evidence of moral lapses by medical researchers, includ- ing directly lying to the victims, withholding data on the true extent of illness and radiation contamination and of distorting evidence. The pivotal role of the Consumers League and of Dr. Alice Hamilton in establishing the truth of the radium dial painting poisonings is discussed.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_08

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

No abstract available for this article.

ISSN:0363-0242    

DOI:10.1300/J013v12n02_09

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor