摘要:

Strains ofErysipelothrix rhusiopathiaeisolated at 19 pig farms serving a certain abattoir, and on pork and in workers of this abattoir were studied. Mouse‐pathogenicE. rhusiopathiaewas found in pig slurry from two farms (11%). The strains belonged to serotypes 7 and 16 (both from the same farm) or were untypable. In pig slurry from the abattoir lairage only serotype 2 strains were found and all were pathogenic to mice. Mouse‐pathogenicE. rhusiopathiaestrains of serotype 2 were also recovered from 25 pork loins (25%). A mouse‐pathogenicE. rhusiopathiae(serotype 2) strain was isolated from one of the 16 hand infections of slaughterhouse workers. TheE. rhusiopathiaestrains were phenotypically grouped by the API 50 CH system. Variations were demonstrated for the different serotypes. In 20 of 138 workers antibodies against E. rhusiopathiae were found; 14 had increased levels of IgG antibodies, seven had increased levels of IgM antibodies and one had an increased level of

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02504.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bacterial contaminants of micropropagated plant cultures were isolated and characterized with standard bacteriological tests and appropriate API strips. Results obtained were analysed by the API identification software. Of 198 bacterial strains isolated from nine plant species, 90% were identified asBacillus, Enterobacter, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, PseudomonasorLactobacillusspecies. Possible sources of contamination are discussed.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02505.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Lactobacillus plantarumwas isolated fromin vitroplant cultures ofHemerocallisStella d'ora, Catherine Woodbury and Stafford. Infected cultures deteriorated rapidly during three subcultures (15 weeks) when grownin vitro, showing chlorotic white shoots and grey calli. Weaned plants developed normally when transferred to the soil. The drop in multiplication rate of plant cultures coincided with a decrease in pH of the growth media. Uninfected plants ofHemerocallisStella d'ora showed the same symptoms after inoculation withL. plantarum. Lactobacillus plantarumwas reisolated from inoculated plant cultures that showed symptoms, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. In plants inoculated withL. plantarumboth the amount of dl‐lactic acid formed and the number of plants showing symptoms increased with increasing numbers of bacteria in the inoculum, wheras plant multiplication rate and pH decreased. These effects could be reproduced by adding dl‐lactic acid to the multiplication medium of plants free fromL. plantarum, suggesting that the bacterial production of lactic acid was responsible for the changes in infected pla

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02506.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adherence ofBacillus megateriumspores to fabrics depends on fabric composition and texture. Adherence to cotton terry cloth is higher than to plain cotton and cotton‐polyester fabrics. The adherence is always proportionally enhanced by the presence of organic and inorganic encrustation on the surface of fibres. These encrustations are deposited when fabrics are washed without adequate detergents. This frequently happens because of attempts to limit or banish the use of efficient ingredients (such as sodium tripolyphosphate) for ecological reasons and to use low temperature washing methods to permit energy savings. Encrustation, inadequate detergency and low temperature washing can concur to sustain a high level of bacterial contamination on the fabric surfac

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02507.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of carbon source assimilation tests on a group of psychrotrophic pseudomonas were compared with published data for establishedPseudomonastaxa, using computer‐assisted numerical taxonomic analysis and a modified diagnostic computer program. Several phenons were not grouped at the biovar level by numerical taxonomic analysis. Identification of strains by the diagnostic program revealed heterogeneity among those in the unassigned phenons, and supported a continuum concept among the fluorescent pseudomonad

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02508.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A modification of the reversed passive latex agglutination kit assay for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins by centrifugation of microtitration plates reduces the incubation time of the assay from 20–24 h to 4 h. Enterotoxins can therefore be detected in foods within the working da

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02509.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A plasmid (named pCN2) carrying a 7.6 kbBamHIDNA insert was isolated from aNeurospora crassagenomic library raised in the yeast vector YRp7.Saccharomyces cerevisiae suc0andN. crassa invstrains transformed withpNC2 were able to grow on sucrose‐based media and expressed invertase activity.Saccharomyces cerevisiae suc0(pNC2) expressed a product which immunoreacted with antibody raised against purified invertase from wild typeN. crassa, althoughS. cerevisiae suc+did not. The cloned DNA hybridized with a 7.6 kb DNA fragment fromBamHI‐restricted wild typeN. crassaDNA. Plasmid pNC2 transformedN. crassaInv‐to Inv+by integration either near to the endogenousinvlocus (40% events) or at other genomic sites (60% events). It appears therefore that the cloned DNA piece encodes theN. crassainvertase enzyme. A 3.8 kbXhoIDNA fragment, derived from pNC2, inserted in YRp7, in both orientation, was able to express invertase activity in yeast, suggesting that it contains an intact invertase gene which is not expressed from a vector pro

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The faecal floras of two adult (male and female) and one infant (male) giant panda kept at the Ueno Zoo, Tokyo, Japan were examined and shown to be quite different from those of other animals. The predominant bacteria in the adults wereStreptococcus(includingEnterococcus) and Enterobacteriaceae, while obligate anaerobes had minor populations. Fastidious anaerobes were not detected. The predominant bacteria in the suckling infant wereLactobacillusandStreptococcus, followed byBifidobacterium.After the infant began to eat bamboo leaves the number ofLactobacillusdecreased andBifidobacteriumbecame undetectable, whereas Enterobacteriaceae became one of the most predominant flora. The most dominant streptococcus isolated from the female panda was identified asStreptococcus bovis, but those from the male adult and the weaned infant were not identified as any known species.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The preservation of micro‐organisms that may be found on the skin was studied by storage in liquid media at ‐70°C. In the first part of the study the performance of 12 varieties of suspending media was evaluated with pure cultures of 17 species of micro‐organisms maintained in the laboratory. After storage for 1 year the best medium (Oxoid Nutrient Broth with 15% glycerol) showed a mean survival for all organisms studied of 83.8%, with no significant differences between organisms. Even the worst medium (distilled water) permitted greater than 40% survival at 1 year. No changes in the characteristics of these micro‐organisms were detected after 6 months storage in glycerol broth. In the second part of the study nose swabs were suspended in one representative medium (Bacto Nutrient Broth containing 7% glycerol). The mean percentage survival of staphylococci in these suspensions after 1 year's storage at ‐70°C was 75.4%. These results indicate that coagulase‐negative staphylococci in samples of skin flora may be stored under these conditions for long periods, greatly reducing the work‐load in epidemiological studi

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐eight of 98 strains ofStreptococcus uberiswere shown to be carrying lysogenic phage. Although propagating strains were rare, host modification by field strains sensitive to phage was used to increase the lytic spectra. When 120 nationally‐collected strains were challenged with 25 phages, selected on the basis of differing lytic spectra and propagating strains, 30% were susceptible to at least one phage, increasing to 42% when 480 strains from a single farm were considered. A typing system based on susceptibility to lytic phage was considered feasi

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb02513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY