ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01574.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01575.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Yuan, W. 1990. Culture medium forXanthomonas campestrispv.oryzae. Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 798–805.Studies on nutrient requirements of four Chinese strains ofXanthomonas campestrispv.oryzaein a modified Watanabe's medium led to the development of a new synthetic medium containing sucrose, sodium glutamate, methionine, KH2PO4, NH4C1 and iron chelated with EDTA. The concentration of each ingredient was optimized based on the number of colonies and time required for their appearance. Various concentrations of some nutrients were compared based upon their effects on growth of the pathogen strains and 34 contaminants from rice materials. Tryp‐tone enhanced the growth ofX. c. oryzaemore than that of many contaminants, includingErwinia herbicola. Peptone stimulated growth ofX. c. oryzaewithout promoting excessive contamination. When compared with other media used forX. c. oryzae, the new culture medium enriched with tryptone and peptone gave the highest recovery and earliest appearance of colonies of Chinese strains of this bacter

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AlMusallam, A.A.&Radwan, S.S. 1990. Wool‐colonizing micro‐organisms capable of utilizing wool‐lipids and fatty acids as sole sources of carbon and energy.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 806–813.Two keratinolytic fungi,Chrysosporium keratinophilumandMalbrancheaanamorph ofUncinocarpus reesii, and another three wool‐colonizing fungi not previously reported to be keratinolytic,Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavusandScopulariopsis Candida, were isolated from soil samples baited with animal wool. These fungi were tested for their ability to utilize wool‐lipids as sole source of carbon and energy. The lipid contents of wool of various animals ranged between 2 and 5%. The different lipid extracts were similar in composition; they contained steryl esters, sterols, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and monoacylglycerols. The predominant acyl moiety in wool‐lipids of different animals was linolenic acid (18:2). The five fungi tested grew well on an inorganic medium supplemented with total wool‐lipids as sole sources of carbon and energy. Individual lipid classes fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography and suspended into inorganic medium were able to support fungal growth as sole carbon sources. These fungi and another eight wool‐colonizing strains.C. tropicum, C. zonatum, C. anamorph ofArthroderma curryei, Microsporum cams, M. distortum, Trichophyton interdigitale, Emmonsia parvaandMyceliophthora velleraecould also utilize standard lipids and fatty acids (cholesterol and palmitic and linoleic acids)‐ Evidence for the uptake and degradation of chloesterol byC. keratm

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Feresu, S.&Nyati, H. 1990. Fate of pathogenic and non‐pathogenicEscherichia colistrains in two fermented milk products.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 814–821.The growth and survival of pathogenic and non‐pathogenic strains ofEscherichia coliwas determined in traditionally fermented pasteurized and unpasteurized milk and in Lacto, an industrially fermented milk. Each milk treatment was incubated at 20d̀C for 24 h and then stored at either 20d̀C or 5d̀C for 96 h.Lacto inhibited all the threeE. colistrains. Two strains could not be recovered and the third survived only in very low numbers after 24 h storage of Lacto at both 20d̀C and 5d̀C. All threeE. colistrains survived and multiplied to maximum cell numbers in the range 107‐109/ml during traditional fermentation of unpasteurized milk. Cell numbers decreased to 103‐106and 102‐105during storage of the fermented product at 20d̀C and 5d̀C respectively. Higher maximum numbers, 109‐1010, of the three strains ofE. coliwere attained during traditional fermentation of pasteurized milk. The numbers decreased to 105‐108and 104‐107during storage of the fermented product at 20d̀C and 5d̀C respectively. Generally, fewerE. colisurvived when the fermented milk products were stored at

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Manafi, M.&Kneifel, W. 1990. Rapid methods for differentiating Gram‐positive from Gram‐negative aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 822–827.Different tests based on lysis by KOH and on reaction with fluorogenic and chromogenic substrates, L‐alanine‐4‐nitroanilide (LANA); L‐alanine‐4‐methoxy‐β‐naphthylamide (MNA); 4‐alanine‐2‐amidoacridone (AAA); L‐alanine‐7‐amido‐4‐methylcoumarin (AAMC); 8‐anilino‐l‐naphthalene‐sulphonic acid (ANS) were compared for their suitability to distinguish Gram‐positive from Gram‐negative bacteria. A concentration of 100 μg/ml was chosen for incorporating LANA, AAA, AAMC and ANS into the growth medium, based on sensitivity tests. MNA did not show any detectable reaction over a concentration range from 50 to 200 μg/ml, and led to inhibition of all bacteria at 200 μ/ml. In the examination of a total of 146 bacterial strains, includingYersinia enterocoiitica, Bacillus cereus, andB. subtilisthe KOH test was not comparable with the Gram staining. A good correlation with Gram staining was found between LANA, AAA and AAMC added to plate count agar on one hand, and LANA and AAMC impregnated paper strips on the other hand, thereby utilizing the aminopeptidase activity. Agar containing ANS showed detectable fluorescence with all Gram‐negative strains, but withStaphylococcus aureusandStaph. epidermidisa weak reaction was also observed. AAMC was selected for a rapid paper strip test With this substrate a pronounced blu

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Labadie, J. 1990. Synthesis of collagenase by the phytopathogenic bacteriumCorynebacterium rathayii. Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 828–833.The collagenase‐producing bacterium tentatively calledEmpedobacter collagenolyti‐cumwas recently identified asCorynebacterium rathayii. Production of collagenase was studied in different media containing peptones or peptides of known sequences. A hexapeptide, Pro‐Ala‐Gly‐Pro‐Pro‐Gly, is an inducer almost as g

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Wyatt, J.E., Poston, S.M.&Noble, W.C. 1990. Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to cell monolayers.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 834–844.Adherence of four strains ofStaphylococcus aureusto eukaryotic cell monolayers was assayed with [3H]‐thymidine labelled bacterial cells and the results were analysed by non‐parametric statistical tests. Adherence to primary (human mesothelial) and semi‐continuous (human embryonic lung) cell monolayers was significantly better than to continuous cell lines (HEp2, HeLa and Vero). HEp2 cell monolayers provided the most reliable assay substrate of the continuous cell lines tested. Variation occurred between bacterial culture batches but the assay measured significant differences between adhesion levels of the strains and distinguished between high level (RN92, 8325–4) and low level (Wood46, ISP458) adhering strains. Adherence to different batches of cell monolayers also varied but relative adherence values for strains were similar and the ranking of strains according to adhesion values ‐was unchanged.Potential adhesion mediators have been monitored for their effect on adhesion of a highly adherent strain (RN92) to HEp2 monolayers. Fibronectin, protein A and anti‐protein A did not significantly affect adhesion. Lipoteichoic acid caused a significant inhibition of adhesion. With critical statistical analysis to accommodate inherent variations, this assay provides a useful model to study factors involved in adherence ofStaph. aureusto euk

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Schwarz, S., Wegener, H.&Blobel, H. 1990. Plasmid‐encoded resistance to macrolides and lincosamides inStaphylococcus hyicus. Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 845–849.A small plasmid of 2–35 kb, isolated from a porcine Staphylococcus fcyicus‐culture, was found to be responsible for constitutive resistance to macrolide/lincosamide antibiotics. This plasmid‐encoded property could be established by interspecific transformation experiments. The plasmid from porcineStaph. hyicuswas designated as pSE2. It differed on the basis of its restriction map from the macrolid/lincosamid resistance (MLR‐)‐plasmids of other staphylococcal species from infections of humans. Furthermore, the pSE2 plasmid encoded two proteins of approximately 20

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Moreno, J.,de laRubia, T., Ramos‐Cormenzana, A.&Vela, G.R. 1990. Growth and nitrogenase activity ofAzotobacter vinelandiion soil phenolic acids.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 850–855.Growth and nitrogenase activity (acetylene reduction) ofAzotobacter vinelandiiwere studied in soil suspensions supplemented withp‐hydroxybenzoic, vanillic,p‐coumaric and ferulic acids. Nitrogenase activity was detected only when the microorganism was cultured onp‐hydroxybenzoic acid, suggesting that this compound could be utilized as a carbon source byA. vinelandiifor the maintenance of its biological activities under certain environmental c

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY