摘要:

Summary:A method of estimating the bacterial contamination of blankets by using a hair drier to blow filtered air through a fixed portion of a blanket on to an agar plate is described. Results obtained before and after various laundering treatments show evidence of adsorption of quaternary ammonium compounds from solution by blankets and the persistent antibacterial effect of this over several weeks against moist bacteria. It is suggested that the incorporation of these substances in the laundering technique would be a valuable contribution towards the elimination of hospital cross‐infectio

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A modification of existingin vivo–in vitrotechniques for ‘screening’new chemotherapeutic agents is reported. Examples are given of its assessment with several antibiotics. Serum from mice inoculated intraperitoneally with the antibiotics was serially diluted in an indicator medium and assayed against the Oxford staphylococcus. By means of standards diluted in the same medium the amount of antibiotic/ml. of serum was calculated. Six known antibiotics were used in these investigations and determinations made of the lowest dose that would give a detectable level; the level given over a period of hours by a standard dose, i.e. 40 mg./kg., and a comparison between mice and guinea pigs using the standard

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Various types of experimental infections withMycobacterium lepraemurium, have been tried to assess their value in selecting drugs for use in human leprosy. Intraperitoneal infection of albino mice was selected as the most promising ‘screening’test. Of the drugs tested using this method onlyiso‐nicotinic acid hydrazide had any significant e

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02039.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The flaming of taps before sampling caused no significant differences in the most probable numbers of coli‐aerogenes organisms orBact. coliin water samples, or in the colony counts at 37 or 22°, though there was a tendency for the bacterial content to be lower

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02040.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Statistical analysis of the results from four laboratories, on the effect of incubation time at 30° on the number of colonies from laboratory pasteurized milk, showed a marked increase between the second and third day, but little subsequent increase. Incubation of Petri plate cultures for 3 days at 30° was sufficiently accurate for routine purposes. In about 70% of cases the 3 day colony count exceeded 95% of the count obtained after 5 days and most samples gave values exceeding 85% of this.The same types of colonies formed within 2 days at 30° as developed subsequently.The mean shelf temperatures did not depart materially from 30° in three incubators. The general level of temperatures was much higher in the fourth incubator, where on one occasion 33° was recorded, and this may have been the reason for non‐significant differences between colony counts at the four incubation times in tha

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02041.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The respiration of washed mycelium ofPenicillium chrysogenumsuspended in phosphate buffer solutions in the presence of the sodium salts ofn‐fatty acids containing even numbers of carbon atoms was examined, using mycelium which had been grown in a lactose‐corn steep liquor‐salts medium in submerged culture. At pH 6.4 and at a concentration of 1.0% (w/v), acids of short (C2–C4) and long (C16–C18) chain length were readily oxidized, but acids of intermediate chain length (C8–C10) were toxic and completely inhibited even the endogenous respiration. The two latter acids were however oxidized at lower concentrations at pH 6.4. The toxicity of sodium caprate (C10) also depended on the pH of the system. At pH 7.0 and above, 0.02% caprate was readily oxidized; but below pH 6.0 that concentration became increasingly toxic and at pH 4.5 all respiration was inhibited. However, even at pH 4.5 very low concentrations of sodium caprate were oxidized. At pH 6.3, 0.025% sodium caprate completely inhibited the oxidation of glucose, peptone and sodium acetate but the oxidation of oleic acid was only partially suppressed. A concentration of 0.05% was required to inhibit completely the oxidation of

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02042.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A cleansing routine using chemical sterilization by sodium hypochlorite solution, periodic steaming and fortnightly dismantling was adopted for a 2‐point auto‐recorder milking machine. Milk of good keeping quality was consistently produced when the plant was steamed twice weekly and hypochlorite was used in both the morning and evening cleansing. The consistency and thoroughness of the cleansing methods used and of their application by the dairy workers were considered important factors in the success obtai

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02043.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1954.tb02046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1954

数据来源: WILEY