ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Donaghy, J.A., Levett, P.N.&Haylock, R.W. 1990. Changes in microbial populations during anaerobic flax retting.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 634–641.The bacterial flora of industrial and laboratory scale anaerobic flax rets were determined at intervals throughout the rets. Although after an initial lag period total bacterial numbers remained roughly constant there were fluctuations in the bacterial species constituting the total. Pure culture rets and enzyme assays were used to determine which strains had retting potential. Of the strains demonstrated to have retting abilityBacillus licheniformisandB. subtiliswere numerically dominant from 10 to 40 h and were succeeded in dominance by Clostridium acetobutylicum andCl. felsineu

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Al‐Ghazali, M.R.&Al‐Azawi, S.K. 1990.Listeria monocytogenescontamination of crops grown on soil treated with sewage sludge cake.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 642–647.Listeria monocytogeneswas found in the sewage sludge cake which is commonly used as an agricultural fertilizer in Iraq. Soils treated with this material were contaminated with the organism. Pot and field experiment showed that crops grown on treated soil became contaminated withL. monocytogenesand when alfalfa plant was grown on farmland soil treated with sewage sludge cake, listerias were found on 10% of 50 plants sampled at harvest, but the organism was detected only in low numbers on these crops (≤ 5 cells/g). This could add to the risk to animals

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Harding, C.D.&Shaw, E.G. 1990. Antimicrobial activity ofLeuconostoc gelidumagainst closely related species andListeria monocytogenes. Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 648–654.A newly isolated strain ofLeuconostoc gelidumwas evaluated for its ability to inhibit a wide spectrum of lactic acid bacteria, meat spoilage bacteria and food‐related human pathogens, includingListeria monocytogenes. It was inhibitory to most of the lactobacilli, all the leuconostocs, and three strains ofL. monocytogeneswhen tested both by direct and well diffusion methods. Cell‐free extract retained activity after 60 min at 100d̀C but was sensitive to protease. Dialysis suggested a molecular weight in excess of 104daltons. The inhibitory effect was bactericidal and

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bolton, F.J. 1990. An investigation of indirect conductimetry for detection of some food‐borne bacteria.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 655–661.Indirect conductimetry using a rapid automated bacterial impedance technique was investigated. Strains ofStaphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophilaandSalmonellaspp. grown in Whitley Impedance broth all elicited indirect conductimetric changes. These indirect conductance responses were improved by the addition of 2 g/1 glucose to the medium and resulted in maximum changes of 2340–4300 μS with associated maximum rates of change of 520–1210 μS/h. Furthermore, the indirect conductimetric assay detected growth of staphylococci, listeria and salmonella in media containing high concentrations of salts used as selective agents in culture media for the isolation of these

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adeiubigbe, E.Y.&Odunfa, S.A. 1990. Growth and extracellular enzyme production by strains ofBacillusspecies isolated from fermenting African locust bean, iru.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 662–671.Seven strains ofBacillus subtilisgroup, isolated from fermented African locust bean (iru), were screened for proteolytic activity. Three strains (BS2, BL2 and BP2), which were found to be highly proteolytic, were compared on the basis of growth and extracellular enzyme production in media with and without locust bean. AH had their optimum pH for growth between 7.0 and 9.0.The three strains produced varied amounts of amylase, polygalacturonase, galac‐lanase and sucrase. The amounts of amylase and polygalacturonases produced by strain BS2 were significantly higher (at α= 0.5) than those of strains BL2 and BP2. None of the strains produced pectinmethylesterase in nutrient broth with or without African locust bean. Although the three strains were lipolytic on tributyrin agar plates, only trace amounts of lipase were detected titrimetrically in broth medium containing African locust bean. The three strains produced varying levels of sucrase and galactanases. Phytase activity was not detected in the broth culture of strain BS2. The presence of African locust bean in culture medium generally enhanced the production of extracellular enzymes significantly (at α= 0.05) in the three st

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ekunsanmi, T.J.&Odunfa, S.A. 1990. Ethanol tolerance, sugar tolerance and invertase activities of some yeast strains isolated from steep water of fermenting cassava tubers.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 672–675.Thirteen yeasts isolated from the steep water of fermenting cassava tubers were screened for ethanol tolerance. Three strains which showed measurable growth in medium containing 10% (v/v) ethanol were also sugar‐tolerant and grew well in medium containing 25% (w/v) glucose. One of the strains, YC3, was found to possess much higher invertase activity than the other two and could be of value in ethanol production from molasses. Further search for industrially useful yeasts in African fermented foods is sugges

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ahmad, A., Clarke, S., Buchan, A.&Skinner, G.R.B. 1990. Sequential release of antigens from chloroform‐treatedStaphylococcus epidermidis: application towards a possible vaccine.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 676–685.This study describes the properties of two potential Staphylococcus epidermidis vaccines prepared by chloroform treatment of bacteria and release of antigen from these chloroform‐treated organisms. Both vaccines were antigenic on testing with homologous hyperimmune serum and induced immune reactivity in immunized rabbits. There was protective efficacy in mice against intraperitoneal challenge byStaph, epider

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Harnby, D., Gowland, G., Holland, K.T.&Kearney, J.N. 1990. The cutaneous microbiology of haired and hairless mice.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 686–691.The cutaneous microflora of the mid‐dorsal area of hairless and haired mice was studied by processing skin biopsies. In both C3H and CBA hairless genotype animals the prevalence of colonization and the bacterial density were significantly greater than in the haired animals. The dominant bacteria were staphylococci and aerobic coryneforms. No propionibacteria were isolated. Temporal studies with C3H mice showed that from 0 to 9 days after birth the cutaneous microflora reduced and from then on the haired genotype animals maintained a low cutaneous microflora, whilst hairless genotype animals gradually lost hair from head to tail and the microflora density increased. Reciprocal skin grafting between haired and hairless animals showed that the donor skin acquired the microflora characteristics of the recipient animal after 15 d post‐grafting even though the donor skin remained morphologically true to gen

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Howell, S.A., Mallet, A.I.&Noble, W.C. 1990. A comparison of the sterol content of multiple isolates of theCandida albicansDarlington strain with other clinically azole‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains.Journal of Applied Bacteriology69, 692–696.The mechanism of azole resistance ofCandida albicansNCPF 3310 (the deposited culture of the Darlington strain) has been investigated but never fully explained. Seven isolates of this strain, from various sources, were examined by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry to detect changes in the sterol composition following passage through many laboratories over several years. Five of the seven, including one recently isolated from the patient, were found to be similar to each other in sterol content, containing large amounts of fecosterol. Of the remaining two, one was thought to be a sensitive variant, both produced only small quantities of fecosterol and resembled the normal clinical strains and other azole‐resistant strains in sterol content. The sterol composition of the Darlington strain was unique and apparently stable to prolongedin vitroexperimentation and passage through th

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01564.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY