ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01793.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Electrotransfer of protein bands from a polyacrylamide gel to a hydrophobic poly‐vinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane (Western blot) and their serological determination by indirect ELISA (immunoblotting) were used to differentiateErwinia carotovorasubsp.carotovora(Ecc) fromErwinia carotovorasubsp.atroseptica(Eca). Ninety strains: 69 Ecc, 19 Eca and twoErwinia chrysanthemi(Echr) were examined. Eight polyclonal antisera against whole cells, glutaraldehyde fixed cells, glycopro‐teins, and somatic antigens were prepared. Antisera produced with glutaraldehyde fixed cells did not recognize any band of the protein pattern. The remaining antisera recognized a limited number of bands. Two protein bands allowed differentiation of the two subspecies by the antisera against glycoproteins. One band with an estimated molecular weight of 36000 Da was present in the 19 Eca strains tested and another band with an estimated molecular weight of 35 000 Da was present in the 69 Ecc strains, except for three cases. The strains of Echr showed a band with an estimated weight of 33 000

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02906.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Faeces of humans, pigs, cattle and chickens were investigated for the presence of somatic coliphages, F‐specific bacteriophages andEscherichia colistrains sensitive to infection by F‐specific phages. Attention was given to the possible effect of age and use of antibiotics on the prevalence of the FRNA phages and sensitiveE. coli strains. Somatic coliphages were often detected in high numbers in all types of faeces. In contrast, FRNA phages were rarely detected in faeces from humans and cattle but more often in faeces from pigs and adult chickens. Samples from young chickens (with or without antibiotics) were consistently positive for FRNA phages (up to 3 × 106pfu/g). F‐specific RNA phages were found in substantial numbers (>103pfu/ml) in a variety of wastewaters: domestic, hospital, slaughterhouses and occasionally in ‘grey water’. Their origin in wastewater was not clear. Strains from faeces usually belonged to serogroups I and IV. These types were also found in wastewater, as were group II and III strains. Serogroup II phages were abundant in wastewater of human origin but rare in faeces.Escherichiacoli strains sensitive to infection by F‐specific phages were common in faeces (overall 290/1081: 27%). No strains with fully derepressed F‐pilus synthesis were detected among the sensitive strains. It is concluded that the occurrence of F‐specific RNA bacteriophages in water points to sewage pollution rather than faecal pollution; the mechanism of replication of these organisms in wastewater i

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02908.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐eight bacterial strains were isolated from waste water of olive oil mills, olives and soil in chemically defined media containing the pigment of these wastes as sole carbon source. Most of the organisms werePseudomonasspp. Four of the six phenolic acids associated with polymeric pigments in olive oil waste degradation were used by three strains. Only onePseudomonasstrain was able to use five acid

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02909.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01796.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An activated sludge plant was established which was capable of treating an influent containing morpholine. When this compound was deleted from the influent the ability of the activated sludge to degrade morpholine was reduced. This reduction took the form of an increase in the length of the lag period before morpholine degradation was detected in a die‐away test from 0 toca1000 h. The decreased ability of the activated sludge to degrade morpholine was accounted for by a decline in the specific population of morpholine‐degrading microbes. In this activated sludge all morpholine degraders wereMycobacteriumspp. In the absence of morpholine in the influent most mycobacteria in the activated sludge retained their morpholine‐degrading phenotypes. This is despite the fact that some of these organisms can lose this phenotype when grown under non‐selective conditions. These results are discussed in relation to other work on the degradation of morpholine and to problems in the treatment of xenobiotic compounds in industrial ef

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02910.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01797.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The stability of the morpholine‐degradative phenotype was studied in a group of nine distinct strains of mycobacteria, all isolated from an activated sludge plant treating morpholine.Variants incapable of morpholine degradation arose from all strains at high frequency following growth under non‐selective conditions. However, strains differed with respect to the frequency at which Mor−variants arose. No spontaneous reversion to wild type could be demonstrated. Six of the nine mycobacterial strains contained plasmids, each had a different plasmid profile. The plasmid profiles of wild type and Mor−variants were compared. In no case could loss of the ability to grow on morpholine be correlated with loss of a complete plasmid. However, evidence is presented which suggests that in two strains loss of the morpholine‐degradative phenotype may be correlated with a decrease in the size of a very large plasmid implying deletion of the DNA encoding morpholine degradation. The techniques employed to screen for plasmids in mycobacteria are

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02911.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY