ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The presence of chlorine in solution (bleach), a slow release chlorine (DICA), a quaternary ammonium compound (benzalkonium chloride), a hydroxyquinoline compound (HQC), or aluminium sulphate in the vase water decreased the number of bacteria in stems of cut ‘Sonia’roses, with respect to untreated controls. However, when the concentration of the antimicrobial compound was high enough to reduce the number of bacteria in stems (measured after 7 d of vase life) to below the detection limit, the roses showed severe leaf chlorosis and leaf abscission. Benzalkonium chloride resulted in damage at a concentration just enough to reduce the number of bacteria in stems. Effects of HQC, aluminium sulphate, and silver nitrate on the number of bacteria were variable. In experiments in which HQC was relatively ineffective, only one bacterial strain was found in the stem. This strain grew on HQC concentrations as high as 400 mg/l, and was identified asPseudomonas fluorescens. and accepted 8 June

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Heterotrophic bacterial communities associated with four red tides caused byMesodinium rubrumandGymnodinium catenatumin two Galician Rias (North West Spain) were examined. Three of these were produced by theMesodinium rubrumand the causative organism of a toxic bloom wasGymnodinium catenatum. In early stages of all the blooms, the diversity decreased but the total marine bacterial counts increased by one or two logs.Vibrionumbers were also incremented by two logs in two blooms ofM. rubrum, while in the other bloom of this organism and in the red tide caused byG. catenatuma decrease in number of these bacteria was observed. A total of 116 bacterial strains were identified at the genus level and grouped into 12 phena. During the decomposition processes of two blooms ofM. rubruma zooplanktonic‐type bacterial succession was observed (Vibrio, pseudomonads andMoraxella‐Acinetobacter). On the other hand, during decomposition of the other red tide ofM. rubrumand the bloom ofG. catenatum, a typical phytoplanktonic‐type succession occurred, asPseudomonasandMoraxellagroups became dominant for all the process. These results support the conflicting taxonomical position ofM. rubrum. After the blooms, the changes in the community point towards the restablishment of the normal bacterial flora of the estuary (increase in diversity and decreases of bacterial numbers). Only theVibriostrains, isolated from the non‐toxic first and second red tides, displayed cytotoxic activities. A relationship among bacterial cytotoxicity and toxic effects of blooms cannot therefore be esta

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 23 strains of yersinias,Y. enterocolitica(17),Y. frederiksenii(5) andY. intermedia(1) characterized according to bio‐serogroup and phage type, were isolated from human, animal and environmental samples during a 5‐year period. It appears that in the Pesaro–Urbino areaYersiniaspp. are infrequent and the strains ofY. enterocoliticabelong to environmental and rarely to human pathogenic bioserogroups. and accepted 22 Ma

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Samples of fermenting Chardonnay juice were inoculated with five commercial cultures ofLeuconostoc oenosto promote malolactic fermentation. Controls were not inoculated with malolactic starter cultures; one was held under the same conditions as the juice inoculated with malolactic starter cultures and the other was held under conditions in which malolactic fermentation was inhibited. Bacterial growth and chemical composition of the wines were monitored for eight weeks after the wines were inoculated with the yeast starter culture. The five strains ofL. oenosdiffered in growth kinetics and rates of malic acid degradation. Significant differences were detected among the finished wines subjected to sensory evaluation.

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and thirty four lactic acid bacterial strains isolated during the 96‐h period of cassava fermentation for fufu production were identified. The spectrum and proportion of the strains includeLactobacillus plantarum, 81%;Leuconostoc mesenteroides, 16%;Lact. cellobiosus, 15%;Lact. brevis, 9%;Lact, coprophilus, 5%;Lact. lactis, 4%;Leuc. lactis, 3% andLact. bulgaricus, 1%. The isolates were characterized into strains. The succession among the lactic isolates was established.Lactobacillus plantarumwas identified as the most dominant lactic acid bacterial strain involved in the fermentatio

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Samples of soft cheese, butter and raw milk were examined forListeriaspecies.Listeria monocytogenes(serotype 1, haemolytic and virulent for mice) andL. innocua(the only otherListeriasp. isolated) were each found in 2/21 (1.6%) of soft cheese samples. Five per cent of butter samples were contaminated withL. innocua. NoListeriaspp. were detected in 40 raw milk samples. The results were compared with similar studies in Italy and abroad. and accepted 14 June 1989

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02560.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The growth of three strains ofListeria monocytogenesat refrigeration temperatures (‐0.5 to 9.3°C) in chicken broth and/or UHT milk was determined using a rocking temperature gradient incubator. Minimum growth temperatures ranged from ‐0.1 to ‐0.4°C for the three strains. Lag times of 1–3 d and 3 to>34 d were observed with incubation at 5 and 0°C respectively. Corresponding generation times ranged from 13–24 h at 5°C and 62–131 h at 0°C. The type of culture medium had an influence on both the rate and extent of growth. Incubation of cultures at 4°C before inoculation caused a marked reduction in the lag time when compared with cultures which had been previously

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02561.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of pre‐incubation of eitherCandidaor buccal epithelial cells (BEC) with different concentrations of aqueous garlic extract (AGE) was investigated, as well as the effect of mouth rinse with AGE on the adhesion of yeast to BEC. Adhesion ofCandidaspp. to BEC was significantly reduced after both short and long time exposure of yeast to AGE. A similar inhibition of adherence was observed upon pre‐incubation of BEC with AGE. The adherence‐inhibition activity of AGE treatment was antagonized by thiols such as l‐cysteine, glutathione and 2‐mercaptoethanol. In addition, germ‐tube formation was suppressed whenC. albicanscells were pretreated with AGE. There was a significant reduction in the adherence of yeasts to BEC collected immmediately or 15 min after an oral rinse with AGE. No statistical significance in the adhesion of BEC collected 30 min after oral rinse with AGE and control BEC was observed. The diminished adherence ofC. albicansto BEC after exposure to various concentrations of garlic may have clinica

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02562.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cassava peels were used as a substrate for the production of cellulolytic enzymes. Under solid substrate fermentation conditions and aRhizopussp., thermostable cellulolytic enzymes were produced. Optimal production temperature and pH were 45°C and 5.6 respectively. Kinetic studies of the enzymes showed that the cellulase C1activity was optimal at pH 5.0 and 50°C, whereas that of cellulase Cxwas optimal at pH 7.0 and 60°C. The enzymes degradedca44% of sorghum grains in 6 h, thus suggesting a possible use in saccharification processes. The results also showed the possibility of re‐cycling cassava peels as a cheap substrate for the enzyme industry. and accepted 6 June

ISSN:0021-8847    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02563.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY