摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the development and performance of an integrated navigation system used in deep ocean mining exploration. Few navigation aids are available in the area of operations. A system utilizing the Navy Navigational Satellite system, the Omega Navigation system, an electromagnetic log and gyrocompass for dead reckoning, and an acoustic transponder net was configured for the application. A Kalman Filter was implemented for ease of combining the various sensor inputs in an integrated fashion. Satellite fixes were used as a basis for computing local Omega phase propagation corrections, and for obtaining the geographic locations of the acoustic transponders. Data from several extended cruises are presented to indicate at‐sea system performanc

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTProspective users have begun to request the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to certify the Omega Navigation System over oceanic jet routes and over the routes of offshore oil–lease areas. The FAA has sampled the quality and coverage of Omega signals in many of these areas. Data recorded during a number of probe flights has been consistent with forecasts of coverage as well as with predicted gaps due to large discontinuities along the propagation pathway, such as the dielectric ice mass on Greenland. The paper proposes to extend in–flight data collection all around the world during the imminent rising portion of the next sun spot cycle. It outlines a plan to develop a bank for the data and to publish a running account of the findings under a cooperative industry–government e

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01298.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTUnder normal atmospheric conditions the Omega navigation system provides worldwide coverage with a potentially high index of accuracy. To a large degree the achieved performance depends heavily upon the processing algorithm employed in the mobile terminal. This dependence is illustrated for two classes of receivers which were configured to emulate hyperbolic regimes based upon alternate station selection criteria. Both receiver sets were exercised on a worldwide basis for position fix ensemble sizes of three, four and five transmitter stations. Results are given in terms of contours and histograms of the predicted rms position error and capsule statistics of the overall global performance.

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01299.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYthe airborne system operational/functional requirements (from navigation using enroute aids to navigation using approach guidance) are examined for the transitional phase of an aircraft flight. In this paper the automated navigation system (based nominally on enroute aids) and the ILS/MLS system capabilities are described, and the complementary nature of each is treated. To achieve the full potential benefits of proposed landing system operations, it is suggested that on–board enroute navigation systems will be an important aid to exploit fully the resulting operational capabilities. Proposed microwave landing system capabilities suggest new operational procedures for predefined maneuvers in the terminal area such as close–in captures and complex approach paths. These operational procedures, although only partially available at this time, can be expanded upon based on the operational advantages of the system. Equipment configurations are presented to demonstrate the system requireme

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01300.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe potential accuracy of VLF pulse (envelope) timing is severely limited by vagaries of the propagation medium and atmospheric noise due to spherics. These limitations are discussed in depth. The conclusion is that VLF pulse‐timing accuracy corresponding to about 5 n.mi. should be possible over very long ranges up to 5000 n.mi. A hypothetical system employing pulse transmitters co‐located at the Omega sites is explored. It is proposed that such a pulse system and the present phase–only Omega system could serve to complement each other as a coarse–fine

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTArea navigation (rnav) provides freedom for establishing courses. This type of system allows the airplane to proceed via navigational guidance to almost any geographical position without having to overfly a radio navaid. This capability requires ingenuity for charting since many routes flown by RNAV‐equipped aircraft do not fly on published courses, but prefer to go present position direct to their destinatio

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThere exist many models for the determination or assessment of safe separation standards between aircraft flying under an air traffic control (ATC) system. Most models fall within the general categories of collision risk or collision avoidance. This paper presents a framework for the qualitative comparison of the logical structure of these several models. Thus the merits and appropriateness of the several models may be more critically evaluated, and better definition of model applicability made.

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01303.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOf the three types of simulator visual systems in operational use, United Airlines favors the computer generated imaging (CGI) systems. United has operational experience with the other two types of systems … cinematographic (film) and closed circuit television with model board (CCTV) … and hence can make comparison with objectivity.The CGI systems have improved with each of the three generations delivered to United. The advantages in the areas of economy and operational viability make CGI systems the most promising contender for achieving total simulation. The CGI systems also have disadvantages. Some of the deficiencies are significant, and must be researched in follow–on generations. Light point quality, weather simulation, and scene perspective are the most deserving of early attention.Research aimed at establishing transfer–of–learning effectiveness for the features of CGI systems is a must. Subjectivea priorijudgements of the value of any feature are to be avoided in all but the research and development phases. The value of features must be objectively established prior to their incorporation into operatin

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe sale of lease sites off the U.S. coast and in Alaska, for oil and gas exploration and production, has resulted in a need for helicopter operations in offshore areas in instrument weather conditions. Such operations require an air traffic control system and a navigation capability that will extend to 300 miles from shore, and provide guidance down to 200 feet above sea level. Accuracy and reliability must be at least equal to that available with VOR–DME. The overall offshore situation is described and FAA and industry efforts to meet the helicopter offshore, navigation requirements are explaine

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0028-1522    

DOI:10.1002/j.2161-4296.1977.tb01306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY