摘要:

AbstractThis study evaluated the use of visual cue to reduce profanity in a brain injured client. The visual cue consisted of placing a piece of paper in front of the client and marking the paper each time the client used profanity. Once profanity was reduced, a maintenance procedure of verbal feedback was introduced which consisted of telling the client how many times he used profanity during a therapy session. A multiple base‐line design was used across three settings, and the results showed a decrease in profanity in all three setting

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA blind woman who is mentally retarded was employed (as peer care‐giver) to promote and eventually share the occupational engagement of a deaf‐blind adolescent (trainee) who was dependent on physical prompting. A computer‐aided program was used to provide objects for the responses and facilitate orientation and mobility. The trainee was also exposed to the computer‐aided program individually to assess the effects of the programper se.The results showed highly positive changes only in the condition involving the peer care‐giver. In this condition, the trainee performed high frequencies of correct responses. Moreover, the care‐giver managed to share responding with the trainee. Technical and practical aspects of the findings ar

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA program for teaching problem‐solving skills was evaluated with six psychiatric inpatients in a multiple baseline across groups design. Subjects received training on 12 problem situations and the generalization of verbal problem‐solving to six novel situations was assessed via probes presented by a novel person in an untrained setting. The generalization of overt behavior was assessed via pre/post contrivedin vivoassessments that contained six situations used in training. Thein vivosituations were integrated within a sequence of ongoing events in an effort to enhance the ‘naturalness’ of the assessment. The probes revealed some improvement in verbal problem‐solving skills, whereas minimal improvement occurred in the postin vivotest. Following the study, an attempt was made to enhance performance by having the trainer conduct a probe and adding verbal prompts to evoke problem‐solving during an additionalin vivoassessment. Both efforts produced improvements in subjects' performance to a level near that achieved by a normative sample of 20 individuals. The results suggest thatin vivoproblem‐solving may be dependent on the methods used in presenting problem situations as well as situational factors. Issues related to these results and suggestions for future research

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree variations of the multiple baseline design (MBD) have been identified in the behavioral literature: MBD across behaviors, subjects and situations. This analysis proposes an important variant of the MBD across behaviors, namely the MBD across exemplars. In this variant, two or more components (exemplars) of the behavior class form the baselines of the design. Thus, intervention is applied separately and sequentially to each target exemplar. The implicit rule of the MBD across exemplars can be seen in several published papers in the behavioral literature. The value of recognizing this variant of the MBD across behaviors is its usefulness as an alternative experimental intervention in clinical settings where the possibility of a convincing research design might not otherwise be seen.

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature in which behavioral interventions were applied in an attempt to reduce hallucinatory and delusional verbalizations in psychiatric patients. Subject characteristics, dependent variables and treatment variations, as well as generalization of effects, are considered. It is concluded that even though operant procedures, such as extinction, aversive stimulation, and token reinforcement, have been successful in decreasing hallucinatory‐delusional verbalizations, further research examining generalization is needed. Methodological issues influencing interpretation are discussed and suggestions for further research are offere

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe literature on staff management reveals a problem in maintaining performance after training programs. The research suggests that maintenance will be maximized by providing regular feedback to relevant personnel, and that feedback, even when self‐management procedures are incorporated, should be based on independent observations of client behavior. Outcome measures should indicate changes in client behavior that are valued by staff. There are times, however, when process feedback is also necessar

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050307

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360050301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY