摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of training critical TV viewing skills on the subsequent attitudes and behaviors of emotionally disturbed adolescents in residential treatment. In order to test these effects, 48 institutionalized adolescents ranging from 12–18 in age, served as subjects. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Pre‐ and posttests utilized three measures of television knowledge and attitudes. Eighteen variables comprising three dependent measures were analyzed utilizing a 2 × 2 split‐plots design. Training in the technical aspects of viewing proved successful in reducing susceptibility to the negative effects of the medium and provided skills that were effective in dealing with generalized aggressive b

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020302

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo studies were performed using applied behavior analytic methodology to evaluate pharmacological and contingency management interventions with mentally retarded adolescents in a residential treatment facility. In the first study, stimulant (methylphenidate) and beta‐blocking (propranolol) medications were compared with an overcorrection procedure to manage the disruptive vocalizing of a 14‐year‐old female. In the second study. the effects of thioridazine and a reinforcement‐response interruption program on stereotypic body‐rocking of an 18‐year‐old male were assessed. Both studies failed to demonstrate a positive response from any of the prescribed medications. Substantial reductions in behavior did occur with application of the contingency management programs. The programs were equally effective whether utilized alone or in combination with medication. Assessment and programmatic issues in the area of clinical behavioral pharmacology

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020303

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 20‐year‐old profoundly retarded male resident of a state institution with a 12‐year history of faces smearing (FS) was treated using an A‐B design employing response contingent elbow restraint and reduced‐attention. The rate of FS dropped sharply after the first week of treatment and then declined steadily until stabilizing at a relatively low rate. Incidental behaviors indicated that aversive effects of the treatment procedure were both mild and behavior specific. Procedures and results are compared with other behavioral approaches to treatment of self‐injurio

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020304

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA naturally occurring experiment of the effects of two dosage levels of phenobarbitol on aggressive behaviors in a program of required relaxation is described. A required relaxation program was initiated as a consequence for throwing and hitting by a 13‐year‐old developmentally disabled male resident of an institutional cottage. The resident had been receiving 50 mg of phenobarbitol twice per day to control seizure activity for two years prior to the introduction of this program. Aggressive behavior decreased from an average of 7.2 incidents a day during baseline to 1.7 per day after six weeks of the required relaxation program. Following several reported seizures, medical staff increased phenobarbitol dosage to 100 mg twice per day and hitting behavior increased beyond baseline levels. After five weeks at this dosage, medication was returned to 50 mg twice a day and hitting behavior returned quickly to the lower intervention levels, while seizure activity remained stable. All observations of behavior were collected during unstructured and regularly occurring events of the individual's daily life. These data suggested that changes in medication influenced observed changes in behav

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020305

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of an existing token reinforcement program upon the acquisition and maintenance of independent living skills of 12 disabled adults in two halfway houses were investigated. Tokens (points) were used to purchase advancement up a step/level system, pay daily “rent,” and purchase curfew extensions. Tokens were effective in maintaining independent living skill behaviors. However, hearing clients showed a decrease in independent living skill behaviors over the course of the program, while hearing impaired clients showed no change. This paradoxical finding appeared to be the result of inadvertant program contingencies that allowed a decrease in desired behaviors as subjects advanced to higher steps. The authors discuss how the program would be modified to increase behaviors associated with independent living ski

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020306

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1072-0847    

DOI:10.1002/bin.2360020301

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY