摘要:

SummaryDrones of known age from a normal stock and from 21 mutant stocks were introduced into 2 colonies equipped with entrances connected by glass-covered runways to the exterior. All departures and arrivals during a 61-day period of observation were recorded from mid June to mid August. Normal drones had an inbound/outbound flight ratio of 0·962; for various eye-colour mutants, it varied from 0·271 (tan) to 0·983 (chartreuse-cherry). Normal drones made an average of 25 flights during their lifetime, which averaged 21·2 days. Drones that lived for 40 days, however, averaged a total of 62 flights. Mean lengths of life of drones carrying various mutations were in most cases significantly less than that for normal drones. The mean number of flights made in the lifetime of drones of various mutant stocks varied from 1·0 (eyeless) to 21·2 (golden body colour).

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099702

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryModifications in bee flight room (BFR) construction are described which improve the chance that a honeybee colony can survive for a long period. In the BFR described a colony maintained itself for more than 18 months, foraging for all its food in the room, no food being provided inside the hive.The modifications concern the illumination of the BFR: (1) indirect lighting, over a wider angle than is normally used, produced a better and more natural angular radiance distribution (ARD); (2) high intensities of UV gave much brighter illuminationto the beesthan intensities of“white”light visible to the human eye; (3) the light-ripple was adapted to the high flicker fusion frequency of the honeybee eye.A device for measuring“bee brightness”and ARD is described.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099703

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryAfter a long period of training, the worker bee studied was able to discriminate (in 76% of 140 trials) between“light on”and“light off”stimuli presented simultaneously. The bee was required to press one of two small levers to obtain a reward for a correct choice. The experimental apparatus is shown to need some changes: enlargement of the light sources to improve their visibility, and an increased distance between the levers to prevent superfluous responses.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099704

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryTwenty male pupae were left for 4 or 5 days at room temperature [18–21°C] instead of the normal temperature of 29°, and their meiotic figures were examined. Several aberrations were observed, for instance chromosomes lying outside the nucleus, and polyploid spermatids. It is concluded that, in nature, polyploidy could have been caused by cold periods of weather, and that in the course of evolution some cases of polyploidy arose from selection brought about by such circumstances, and produced at least five known groups of polyploid bees.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099705

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryCages of 85 young worker honeybees were kept at 35°, 28°and 24°. Sucrose was fed to the bees in all cages; one series was in addition supplied with protein (fresh pollen). Every 2–3 days six corpora allata were measured from bees in each cage.There was a significant increase in sucrose consumption at the lower temperatures, which did not, however, affect the development of the corpora allata. The development of the corpora allata was greater in bees provided with protein than in those fed on sucrose only.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099706

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryColonies of newly emerged bees which had never eaten pollen were offered diets consisting of (A) vitamin-free casein and minerals, orAsupplemented with cholesterol and the vitamins of the B group (B), or with the B vitamins but without cholesterol (C), or with cholesterol and the vitamins except pantothenic acid (D), or with cholesterol and the B vitamins except pyridoxine (E), or with cholesterol and the B vitamins except thiamine (F). The colonies reared 5 cycles of brood on dietsB, DandF, and 3 cycles on dietC.No adults were produced on dietE, and no larvae were reared to the sealing stage on dietA.It therefore appears that pyridoxine is required for normal brood rearing.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099707

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryA study was made, under tropical conditions, on the effects of various combinations of hive covers, shading and ventilation of hives on brood-nest temperatures, sugar concentration of crop contents of foragers, and the ratio between pollen foragers and other foragers. For all treatments, the ratio of foragers returning to the hive with and without pollen declined during the day, and the sugar concentration of the honey-sac contents of foragers tended to increase, except following rain and cooler weather. The highest brood-nest temperatures were recorded at 10.00 hr and the lowest at 14.00 and 16.00 hr, but no significant difference throughout the day was found between the brood- nest temperatures in test groups and the control group (in hives with plain metal covers).

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099708

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryEight colonies of honeybees with normal emergence of brood recovered from heavy infections ofNosema apisin 35 days during the late spring; four of these colonies did not rear their brood. Four other colonies with no unsealed or emerging brood showed no recovery in the same period, and all their (caged) queens became infected. Brood emergence, therefore, appeared to aid recovery.Eight overwintering colonies inoculated with spores ofNosemain February and prevented from flying for the next 5 weeks all developedNosemainfections, whereas only 3 out of 8 similarly inoculated colonies that were allowed flight became infected, indicating the beneficial effect of winter flights.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099709

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1972.11099710

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1972

数据来源: Taylor