摘要:

SummaryWorkers in 4 colonies were not more attracted to their own mated laying queen in a cage than to a strange mated laying queen. One of the latter queens, however, had no mandibular glands, and she was significantly less attractive than 3 normal queens. The workers of 2 colonies were significantly less attracted to the four queens than were the 4 other colonies tested. Individual variations in attractiveness of 20 sister laying queens of same age were observed. Also, workers from some colonies were more attracted to the queens than were workers from other colonies. Caged workers accepted their own queen or a queen that showed similar attractiveness, and rejected one of different attractiveness. A direct correlation was found between the weight of queens at emergence and when laying (2 months old). The heavier queens were more attractive to the workers than the lighter ones.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099774

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryIn honeybee workers derived from Italian and African stock, high concentrations of 2-heptanone in the mandibular glands were found to be positively correlated with several manifestations of aggressive behaviour at the hive entrance. Amounts of iso-amyl acetate from the sting apparatus were also assayed, but correlations with behavioural characters were not significant.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099775

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummarySome observations are reported suggesting that, in the worker honeybee, a difference in osmotic pressure between the contents of the honey sac and ventriculus causes pollen grains to burst during their passage through the alimentary tract. Neither gnawing nor enzymatic degradation of the hard pollen wall seems to be necessary for pollen digestion. A similar mechanism may allowNosema apisto extrude its polar filament in the ventriculus, and thus infect its host.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099776

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe process of spermatogenesis was investigated in 35 diploid honeybee drone pupae and compared with that in 15 haploid pupae. Altogether 25 013 chromosomes were counted, and 1200 measurements were made of cells in different stages of spermatogenesis. The spermatocytes of the diploids contained twice as many chromosomes and were twice as large as those of the haploids. The chromosomes did not pair or separate during metaphase I (prometaphase), when only a cytoplasmic bud was formed. The chromatids separated during metaphase II, and in anaphase a diploid set of chromosomes was visible. Only one spermatid and one polar body with chromatin were formed from one spermatocyte. Both the nucleus of the spermatid and the polar body were twice as large as in the haploids. The process of spermatogenesis in diploids was very similar to that in the haploids, with no reduction of the number of chromosomes, and thus the diploid drones produced diploid spermatozoa. This was probably caused by the homozygosity of the sex locus.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099777

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryHoneybees conditioned to respond to the scent of flowers of alfalfa clone 2490 and of sainfoin responded positively to the scents of ocimene, myrcene and limonene, but not to linaloöl; bees conditioned to the scent of flowers of alfalfa clone 2B did not respond significantly to the scent of any of these substances, however.Bees conditioned to the scent of ocimene, myrcene, or limonene responded positively to the flower scents of 6 of the 8 alfalfa (Medicago sativa) clones tested. Bees conditioned with linaloöl responded negatively to alfalfa flower scents. The first three of these terpenes appeared to be indistinguishable to the bees, but linaloöl was distinguished from the other three. The authors conclude that certain clones will be reproductively isolated by the assortive pollination of honeybees responding to differences in flower scents.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099778

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryHoney-sac weights, and sugar and pollen concentrations of honey-sac contents, of outward-bound foragers and returning nectar foragers were determined during two years. Colony growth and daily nectar income were also recorded.The honey-sac contents of returning nectar foragers were heavier in both years than those of outgoing foragers; in nectar foragers the heaviest weights were recorded during the main nectar flows, but in outgoing foragers the weights remained relatively stable. Sugar concentrations in the honey sacs of returning foragers were highest during the nectar flows; in outgoing foragers there was an overall decrease in concentration as the season progressed in 1969, but not in 1970. The lack of correlation between the patterns of sugar concentration for the two groups of foragers suggests that little interfeeding occurred between them. The concentrations of pollen in the honey sacs were lower for outgoing foragers in 1969 than for returning nectar foragers (except in June), but in 1970 no such trend was observed.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099779

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryWatermelon pollination studies in southern Colorado, USA, indicated that insect pollinators were necessary for commercial seed production, and that honeybees were adequate pollinators.The weight, but not number, of melons, and both number and weight of mature seeds per melon, were significantly higher from plots visited by bees than from those where bees were excluded. Increasing the honeybee populations did not improve melon weight or seed yield.High correlations were obtained between melon weight and number of mature seeds (0·90) and melon weight and total weight of mature seeds (0·85).Six species of native bees, as well as the honeybee, seemed to be active pollinators, andMelissodes bimaculataseemed a more efficient pollinator than the honeybee. Present pollinator populations are probably sufficient for commercial seed production in the area. The small fields used in the study, however, may not be comparable to the larger commercial ones, and the cages may have interfered with pollinating activities of the high honeybee populations.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099780

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryIt was demonstrated that the toxicity of pesticides to foraging honeybees can be compared by spraying individual flowering apple trees, each enclosed in a cage that contains a small colony of bees. We confirmed that oxydemeton-methyl is toxic to foraging honeybees, and found thatN-dichlorofluoro-methanesulphenyl-N'N'-dimethyl-N-p-tolylsulphamide (Bayer 5712a, proposed common name tolylfluanid) is much less toxic. Limitations of the method are discussed; larger-scale trials are desirable.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099781

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1974.11099782

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1974

数据来源: Taylor