摘要:

SummaryAnalyses of 55 morphometric characters were made for collections ofApis ceranafrom 16 localities in the northeast Himalayan region. Bees from this region have been recognized as distinct from those of the northwest Himalayas and South India. In this region, 3 biometric groups were identified that correspond to geographic distributions in (1) the Naga and Mizo Hills, (2) Brahmaputra valley and Khasi hills, and (3) the foothills of the Himalayas. Discriminant analysis of the samples using all characters and a minimum number of characters are given with appropriate statistics. Correlations of character variation with rainfall and altitude are discussed. Bees from the Himalayan biometric group (3) are generally larger in size than those from the other two groups as well as South India.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101191

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryDecyl decanoate and longer chain-length esters of decanoic acid were dominant components of the extracts of abdominal tergite glands of virgin honeybee queens, 3–10 days old. The esters were either absent or else present in very small amounts in queens which were 0–2 days old. The cuticular lipids of honeybee queens were predominantlyn-alkanes and alkenes withn-heptacosane and hentriacontene being major components.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101192

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryA computer-based system for studying bee behaviour is described. The main function of the system was to count the number of bees moving in and out of a hive, and to determine their direction of movement. To correlate bee activity with environmental factors, the system also monitored the temperature inside and outside the hive, solar radiation, humidity, wind speed, and the weight of the hive. All the data acquisition was conducted and controlled by a single-board computer, based on an Intel 8088 microprocessor. In a field test, data acquisition was carried out at preset, 15-min intervals. Data from a representative period of 4 days are presented and indicate satisfactory operation of the system. The system also shows potential for studying bee movement inside hives during an overwintering period.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101193

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryA relationship between daily honey production, as reflected in increased hive weight, and the flight activity of honeybeesApis melliferaL. was identified. This relationship confirmed that productivity mainly depends on bee activity (R2= 0·79). Experiments were conducted in the summer of 1987 with digital honeybee counters at hive entrances, which detected incoming and outgoing bees. The minimum activity rate to get a positive daily honey gain was 14 000 bees/h. At 20 000 bees/h, the estimated daily honey gain was 0·34 kg and at 60 000 bees/h, the gain reached 5·7 kg. A three-fold increase in activity rate resulted in a 17-fold increase in honey production.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101194

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummarySummer broodnest temperatures recorded with thermocouples in honeybee (Apis melliferaL.) colonies varied in relation to developmental brood stage and position within the broodnest. Areas containing empty drone cells were significantly warmer than those containing empty worker cells, while worker larvae and pupae had significantly higher temperatures than those of drones. Worker brood was maintained at a significantly higher temperature than drone brood in the central broodnest (frames 4–6) while not significantly different in the outer broodnest regions. Drone brood temperatures were significantly lower than those of workers in the upper, lower and peripheral comb octads, while not significantly different in the central octads. In colonies used for temperature readings, the distribution of worker and drone brood was related to broodnest temperature when broodnest position was not considered. A similar relationship, however, was not found for most frame and comb octad positions. Drone pupae distribution patterns found in other colonies could not be related to these broodnest temperature differentials. Since adult bees are responsible for colony thermoregulation, their distribution in the broodnest, in conjunction with brood metabolism, may cause the observed temperature differences associated with developmental brood stage and broodnest position.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101195

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe potential parasitism ofApis melliferaL. (Honeybee) by the colony co-habitantMelittiphis alvearius(Berlese) was investigated by analysing homogenates of the mite for bee-derived antigens with a sensitive indirect immuno-dot procedure. This method revealed that the mite contained pollen and bee-derived antigens, but the latter were bee salivary antigens. These findings show that the mite is not parasitic on bees but rather is a scavenger of pollen within bee colonies.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101196

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SummaryThe occurrence and distribution of pests and pathogens of the honeybee,Apis melliferaL., in Fiji, surveyed during -10—November 1986, are reported. American foulbrood disease was detected in 33 (47%) hived colonies at one locality but in only 1 (0·8%) of all other colonies examined in other localities. Infestations of wax moth (Galleria mellonellaorAchroia grisella) were observed in 139 (70%) hived colonies. The cane toadBufo marinuswas also observed as a pest of bee colonies.Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) and sacbrood virus (SBV) were present in 30 (31%) and 76 (79%) hived colonies, respectively. Bee virus X, bee virus Y, black queen cell virus (BQCV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and slow bee paralysis virus were also detected in these colonies but they were less common than CBPV and SBV. Inapparent infections of SBV, BQCV and KBV were detected in seemingly healthy bees from hived colonies. SBV and CBPV were also detected in feral colonies. The Fijian KBV isolates were serologically distinguishable from New Zealand and Australian KBV isolates.Nosema apis, was found in 45 (47%) hived colonies. It was also detected in feral colonies.Malpighamoeba mellificaewas detected in worker bees from 1 hived colony. European foulbrood and chalkbrood disease, the tracheal bee mite,Acarapis woodi, and other mites such asVarroa jacobsoniandTropilaelaps clareae, were not detected in any colonies.

ISSN:0021-8839    

DOI:10.1080/00218839.1990.11101197

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor