ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00161.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In India, 80% of all patients with cancer are first seen in the terminal phase of their illness. At that point, their terrible suffering and pain forces them to go their doctor for some relief. There is then no hope of cure, but with effective palliative care measures, there is hope of relief of symptoms and some restoration of quality of life.Gilly Burn, an English cancer nurse, started an independent voluntary organization in March 1990 called Cancer Relief India (CRI). During her third visit to India, where she has travelled extensively and lectured to health professionals and others, Gilly had a dream on a train. She awoke with the idea of founding a charity to provide better cancer and palliative care in a land with relatively few resources, in need of cancer expertise.

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the last 40 years, 30 or more chemotherapy agents have been developed that have efficacy against a variety of malignant diseases. Over the years changes have occurred in treatment regimens that have brought dramatic results against certain cancers.This paper outlines the historical background on which the discovery and development of anti‐cancer drugs is based, the importance of the cell cycle in the action of chemotherapy agents against tumour cells, tumour growth and cell kill hypothesis. The mode of action of classes of anti‐cancer drugs is summarized, including the alkylating agents, antimetbolites, antibiotics, intercalating agents and the vinca alkaloids. The toxicity of chemotherapy on the normal proliferating cells of the body, the side‐effects this produces and their frequency are discussed. The theory behind the development of combination chemotherapy and high‐dose chemotherapy is examined.Also remarked upon in this paper are topics such as the tumour‐specific spectrum of anti‐cancer drugs, response, resistance and selecticvity.The paper finishes by discussing the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of maligant disease and concluses that chemotherapy may be used to cure some patients, although the total numner is a small proportion of the total number of patients who contract cancer. A larger proportion of the total will benefit significantly from chemotherapy when it is used as part of an overall treatment plan in conjunction with other forms of treatment. Chemotherapy remains, for the large part, a treatment modality which continuews to undergo investigation. Critical appraisal of the results is needed to improve fu

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the past, receiving a diagnosis of cancer was tantamount to being told one was going to die, and because it was feared that patients would not be able to cope with this knowledge, doctors frequently withheld information from patients about their diagnosis. With recent adcances than ever. However, a review of the literature appeatrs to indicate that patients still have knowledge deficits with regard to their diagnosis, treatment and its side ‐effects.A study of 30 patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer was undertaken to determine their knowledge about their diagnosis, Treatment and its side‐effects. The vast majority knew their diagnosis, the number of treatments involved and the purpose of their treatment. However, the patients in this study displayed a poor knowledge of the potential side‐effects of their chemotherapy and of the names of the drugs they were receiving as part of their chemoth

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Health professionals are frequently called upon to care for those whose cultural backgrounds are unfamiliar and different from their own. The impact of the family's cultural values and beliefs in their response to a diagnosis of cancer are not emphasized in health professionals' education and consequently, may be underestimated, leading to less effectsivce care. Analysis of the experiences of 12 immigrant families in a western health care setting reveals that culturally embedded meanings are attached to illness, and this frequently affects patient and family responses to care.For instance, in certain cultures, the occurrence of cancer may be attributed to insufficient use of herbal medicine, an insult to an ancestor ordue to a perceived punishment. Thus, standard medical approaches may not always appeatr releveant to certain groups in multicltural patient populations.The purpose of this paper is to describe patient and family coping experiences and stress‐related factors in Italian, Portuguese and Chinese immigrant families as they have been described during routine family assessment interviews.It is argued that there is need for an expanded knowledge of health professionals who manage those with cancer so that culturally embedded meanings can be adequately understood. It is maintained that models of patient and family care should allow for possible discrepancies in patient‐care giver understandings, and encourage a collaborative approach towards treatment and care. The paper concludes that cultural content must be an integral part of cancer education programmes in order for health professionals to be effective in their practice and c

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article provides a brief review of how quality of life (QOL) studies can contribute to the care of cancer patients. The problem of actually defining QOL is considered, and it is emphasized that quality is the presence of positive factors not merely the absence of negative aspects of life. The information that can be gained from using QOL instruments and how this is achieved is outlined. These studies have important implications for health care professionals for side‐effects of treatment are often identified that can be helped by nursing intervention. Finally, specific examples of how the implementation of QOL studies has helped modify treatment and patient care are giv

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0961-5423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1993.tb00170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY