摘要:

Analytical chemistry at trace levels frequently requires special techniques and precautions to avoid systematic errors. Preconcentration of the analyte elements is one of these special steps that can be favorably applied to the sample prior to analysis.

ISSN:0007-8980    

DOI:10.1080/10408348108542707

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

If electrons are removed from the inner shells of atoms the vacancies created are filled by electrons from higher energy levels, giving rise to the emission of radiation. For all but the lightest elements this emission is in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The energy of the emitted X-ray is characteristic of the element emitting the radiation and hence its observation forms a method of identification. The initial inner-shell ionization of the atom can be initiated by bombarding the sample under investigation with photons, electrons, or heavier charged particles, such as alpha particles or protons, giving rise to a variety of microanalytical techniques; X-ray fluorescence analysis, electron microprobe analysis, alpha particle and proton-induced X-ray emission analysis.

ISSN:0007-8980    

DOI:10.1080/10408348108542708

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor