摘要:

The phenomenon of ion exchange has been scientifically recognized since the middle of the 19th century.1,2Many of these early scientific investigations were carried out with naturally occurring clays and minerals, such as the zeolites. The zeolites which attracted most of the attention contain alumino-silicate skeletons with exchangeable alkali metal or alkaline earth cations. Artificial silicates were also prepared and successfully used.

ISSN:0007-8980    

DOI:10.1080/10408347608542691

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The error sources or problems in temperature measurement increase roughly as the difference increases between the measured temperature and room temperature. Above about 500°C, significant problems arise because metallurgical and chemical reactions affect the property used to measure temperature. For example, recrystallization, grain growth, and chemical contamination change the electrical resistivity, the thermoelectric power, or the emissivity of metals used in temperature sensors or standards. Similarly, such reactions can affect the mechanical properties of the materials used to construct these instruments. Consequently, devices and apparatus used at high temperatures tend to become inaccurate and unreliable during long-term, high-temperature service. The degree to which these reactions can be controlled or avoided directly affects the reliability of temperature measurements.

ISSN:0007-8980    

DOI:10.1080/10408347608542692

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1976

数据来源: Taylor