摘要:

Radiography has a limited role in the evaluation of the kidneys in foals and adult horses. Ultrasonography is the current method of choice for structural evaluation of the kidneys in horses as it provides additional information to standard serum chemistry and urinalysis evaluation. A variety of structural abnormalities have been identified in diseased equine kidneys with the use of ultrasound. Ultrasound guided renal biopsy is the preferred method for performing renal biopsy in the horse. The use of Duplex Doppler ultrasound may allow for the characterization of regional hemodynamics of the equine kidneys, but is currently an untapped method for evaluation of equine renal hemodynamics.Radionuclide methods including scintigraphy and quantitative renal function measurement can be used to provide further information about equine renal function. Scintigraphy can provide structural and possibly functional information. Quantitative methods using radiopharmaceuticals can provide precise measurement of glomerular filtration rate and effective renal blood flow. This method is especially helpful in identifying acute renal failure and in guiding response to treatment.All equine renal imaging techniques should be a supplement to the physical examination and standard laboratory tests. Additional diagnostic aids such as urinary tract endoscopy should also be considered in horses with hematuria, hydroureter, and suspected calculi. Taken together, all these modalities provide a through evaluation of the equine renal system and provide a basis for the clinician to select treatment options and provide prognostic information to the owner.

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01215.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To test the hypothesis that breeds of dogs with a deeper and narrower thorax have an increased risk of gastric dilatation‐volvulus (GDV), thoracie depth, width, and length were measured for 437 dogs of 17 different breeds using radiographs on file at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine for the period of 1977 to 1993. These data were applied to risk estimates of GDV that were generated from a separate case control study using the Veterinary Medical Data Base. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to relate the mean thoracie measurements and the ideal, adult body size of the breeds to the risk of each breed developing GDV. When the risk of GDV was evaluated as a function of the mean thoracie depth/width ratio alone, or as a function of the thoracie depth/width ratio plus ideal adult breed weight, 37% (p = 0.022), respectively, of the variability in GDV risk was explained. These findings support the hypothesis tested and suggest that selective breeding can be used to decrease a breed's risk of GDV over tim

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01216.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01217.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01218.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Magnetic resonance (MR) images were acquired in five dogs and one cat with ocular and orbital disease. MR images were obtained in the dorsal or oblique dorsal, and oblique sagittal planes. Pathologic changes identified in MR images included inflammatory lesions, cystic structures, and neoplasms. All abnormalities were readily apparent in TI‐weighted images. MR findings in affected animals were often similar in signal intensity, location, and growth pattern to those found in people with comparable diseases. Although no MR changes were considered pathognomonic for a given disease, MR imaging provided detailed information on the homogeneity, extent and invasiveness of the lesion

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01219.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The resistive index (RI) is a measurement of arteriole vascular resistance and is obtained by pulsed‐wave Doppler interrogation. The diagnostic potential of the renal resistive index (RI) was retrospectively investigated in 142 kidneys from 81 dogs. The resistive index of each kidney was compared to clinical laboratory parameters, clinical diagnoses, and sonographic findings. The mean renal resistive index (RI) for 22 normal kidneys was 0.61 (standard deviation = 0.06). An elevation in the mean renal RI (>0.70) was found for the clinical diagnoses of acute renal failure and congenital dysplasia. When a RI of greater than 0.70 was considered abnormal, the sensitivity and specificity of the RI in determining normal vs, abnormal kidneys were 38% and 96% respectivel

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01220.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A unique, “honeycomb” pattern was found on ultrasonographic evaluation of the liver of 5 dogs with canine superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome). This pattern consisted of variably‐sized, hypoechoic regions measuring 0.5–1.5 cm in diameter surrounded by highly echogenic borders. Histologically, the hypoechoic regions corresponded to distinct regenerative nodules bounded by severely vacuolated (fat‐laden) hepatocytes, numerous bile ductules, and a network of reticulin and fine collagen fibers representing remnants of collapsed hepatic lobules. While certain features of the architectural disruption were characteristic of cirrhosis, the lesion lacked the extensive fibrosis and reduced liver size usually associated with chronic cirrhosis. To our knowledge, this hepatic ultrasonographic pattern has only been seen with canine superficial necrolytic dermatitis. Therefore, it appears to be pathognomonic in a dog with questinable skin lesions. A liver biopsy is required to confirm the unique histopathologic features of the hepatopathy found in this

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01221.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A submental approach using a 5, 7.5 and 10 MHz mechanical sectorial transducers was used to evaluate the ultrasonographic appearance of the normal and abnormal canine, feline and equine tongue. Seven normal animals were used to characterize the in vivo normal ultrasonographic appearance of the oropharynx. Consistently seen anatomical landmarks included the lingual parenchyma, lingual artery, soft and hard palate interfaces, mandible, basihyoid bone and sublingual musculature. Seven fresh canine, feline and equine cadavers were dissected to confirm the ultrasonographic findings. Seven animals with signs of ptyalism, dysphagia, halitosis and visible lingual lesions were also studied. A foreign body and abscesses secondary to a penetrating wound were detected in a horse. Ultrasound guidance aided surgical dissection, removal of the foreign body and intraoperative drainage of the abscesses. Ultrasound provided valuable non‐invasive documentation of the architecture, size and margins of six lingual neoplasms. Ultrasonographic monitoring of the response to the treatment of lingual lesions may be beneficial in the management of patient

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01222.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A nuclear medicine procedure that has been used for quantification of hepatocyte function in man is applied and validated in the dog. This procedure employs deconvolutional analysis of liver and heart time activity curves obtained following peripheral intravenous injection of hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical. The deconvolutional analysis simulates a bolus injection of the radiopharmaceutical into the afferent blood supple of the liver which permits the calculation of the hepatic extraction fraction. Hepatic extraction fraction is a measure of hepatocyte function. In this report, the deconvolutional analysis via fast Fourier transformations and subsequent calculation of hepatic extraction fraction is validated by direct afferent intravascular ijection of99mTc‐mebrofenin. The hepatic extraction fraction determined via deconvolutional analysis was found to be the same as the first pass hepatic extraction fraction determined via deconvolutional analysis was found to be the same as the first pass hepatic extraction fraction determined by direct mesenteric (portal) vein injection. The same results can be obtained in a sedated animal, making the technique clinically applicable. Thus hepatic extraction fraction, obtained from a perlpheral intravenous injection of99mTc‐mebrofenin, can provide a quatitative measure of hepatocyte function from a non‐invasive procedure. The quantitative ability to measure hepatocyte function has potential in many clinical and research situa

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01223.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

250 veterinarians, including 143(57.7%) non‐radiologists, replied to a questionnaire on current literature of veterinary imaging. Veterinary Readiology&Ultrasound was considered the best overall journal, being chosen as first choice by 51.6% respondents. It was also judged to have the best photographic reproduction. No book was chosen as first choice by more than 18.4%. Three, Textbook of Diagnostic Radiology, Thrall; Diagnostic Radiology of the Dog&Cat, Kealy and Thoracic Radiography of the Dog&Cat, Suter&Lord, were chosen by 18.4%, 16.8% and 13.2% respondents respectively. Clinically orientated papers and review articles were the preferred contents of journlas. Experience of colleagues and journals were adjudged the best source of information on diagnostic imaging. Differences in results between radiologists and non‐radiologists were not great and geographic differences were few. Of the 112 respondents who had published papers on veterinary imaging, 30 (26.4%) were non‐radiolo

ISSN:1058-8183    

DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1996.tb01224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY