ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPigmented moles acquired in adult life which subsequently became malignant appeared chiefly in the head and neck of elderly people in whom there was pronounced alteration in structure of the dermis as a result of solar radiation. We were unable to demonstrate significant degrees of collagen degeneration of solar origin in any other group of melanoblastoma patients. These facts suggest that the carcinogenic action of ultra‐violet light is mediated through its action on the dermi

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTransplants of the kidney were performed in 34 sheep using the “iliac” position. The function of autografts, homografts and normal host kidneys was studied together with the histological changes. To reduce ischaemic damage during transplantation, the kidneys were cooled. Cooling by perfusion was unsuccessful but a useful technique of local renal cooling was evolved. Iliac autografts functioned normally up to two and one‐half years but homografts were rejected in five to nine days. The function of a grafted kidney‐was affected by the presence of normal kidneys. The concept of renal loading in relation to graft function is discussed. Bacteriological study showed that an anuric homograft, if not quickly removed, became secondarily infected with CI. welchii. This led to toxic damage to the animal's own kidneys. Injection of spleen cells into embryonic lambs was followed six months after birth by kidney homotransplantation from the same donor. There was no increased tolerance to such renal hom

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. It is considered that ptosis and ptosis with epicanthus are probably manifestations of the same dominant autosomal gene with high penetrance.2. There is no significant difference in the proportion of affected males and females in sibships with one parent affected. The apparent difference in sex incidence of the condition is due to the high sex ratio observed in such sibships.3. An appeal is made for the collection of unselected pedigree material for use in genetic studies.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe present trends in the application of the cineplasty principle are outlined indicating the current use of a muscle motor in the next proximal segment of the arm.In forearm amputees the biceps cineplasty is found to give more precise control and an increased sphere of activity to the terminal prosthesis.The elimination of the shoulder harness allows greater comfort and, in a bilateral amputee, complete independence of each limb.The technique and management of biceps cineplasty is outlined. However the important factors in securing a useful cineplasty lie not in the surgery but in(a) selection of an intelligent, co‐operative patient.(b) a thorough programme of pre‐ and post‐operative physiotherapy(c) a light and comfortable prosthesis, and(d) full rehabilitation until a normal life and occupation are re

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. A series of 6 cases subjected to abdominoperineal excision of the rectum and com‐, plicated in the immediate post‐operative period by herniation of a knuckle of small intestine through the pelvic peritoneal suture line is recorded.2. The complication is due to a defect appearing immediately after operation because symptoms appeared on the first or second post‐operative day.3. The most important symptom was pain on the second post‐operative day. This was often associated with a rise in temperature which was misleading.4. The complication is likely to be overlooked because symptoms are not typical of obstruction until relatively late.5. The complication can be prevented by attention to suturing of the pelvic peritoneum. A continuous interlocking suture reinforced with interrupted sutures is reco

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

“There are challenges of a salutary severity that stimulate the human subject of the ordeal to a creative response; but there are also challenges of an overwhelming severity to which the human victim succumbs”. Arnold J. Toynbee, “A Study of History”, Vol. 2, Part H, D, vii.SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSMicrodissection of a grossly contracted kidney from a patient aged 25 years showed the remnants of tubules and ducts. No glomerulus was found but there was evidence of tubular hyperplasia, particularly in the form of diverticular formation and localized cellular proliferations. Damage had been too severe and extensive for this regeneration to significantly influence the progress of the renal degeneration and atrophy.The usual explanation of an abnormally small kidney is that it is due to “dysplasia” or some other “congenital” process. This is based on the fundamental misconception that, in postnatal life, tissues have arrived at an immutable state. Any inflammatory processes are “explained” as to be expected because abnormal tissues are more liable than others to injuries of various kinds. Furthermore, the assumption that structures, which resemble foetal tubules, are in fact the original foetal components which have remained in this form for many years of adult life ignores the essential plasticity of tissues and implies that they are not influenced by the many stimuli which have clearly been acting on the other tissues of the organ. The postulate that such components lack the lability observed elsewhere is unreasonable.Precise and definite evidence as to the stages and pathways in the pathogenesis of the fibrotic kidney are absent, having been lost in a maze of repeated injuries and the various reactionary and regenerative activities which follow. Conclusions must therefore be speculative. However, if the disease process began early in life and was continuous and progressive, extreme changes are to be expected.Whatever the time (antenatal or postnatal) at which the process began, the important feature in the present case is that the parenchymal tissues of the kidney, even though practically overwhelmed by recurrent infections, still manifest the capacities of all tissues (whatever their stage in the life of the individual) for

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA review has been made in the light of our experience of the methods used to establish the diagnosis of portal hypertension.We have had enthusiastic support in our enquiries from Dr. H. A. Luke, Director of Radiology of the Alfred Hospital. We would like to record our thanks to our colleagues in the many hospitals who have allowed us to investigate patients under their care.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06973.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryLarge skin wounds were made at staged time intervals on the opposite flanks of rats. evidence was found for the presence of substances liberated from the primary wound which influenced the rate of closure of a subsequent wound.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06974.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo modifications are suggested for the accepted method of performing an intravenous ascending venogram. The first modification is the injection of the contrast medium through a fine polythene cannula inserted into a small vein of the “ankle flare” below the medial malleolus, in a distal direction, the use of a tourniquet being unnecessary. Secondly, it is suggested that the Valsalva manoeuvre is of value in demonstrating reversal of blood flow through communicating veins which have an incompetent valve. A technique is described incorporating the modifications with illustrations of their

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1959.tb06975.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY