ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07666.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07667.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07668.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SmmaryThere are two major categories of post‐traumatic pain syndroms: (1) causalgia: and (2) mimocausalgia states or reflex sympatheic dystrophy. Vasoconstricition is usually present. Because of the pain, limitation of motion of the extremity occurs, and may result in permanent disability. There is often a great disparity between the apparent trauma and the severity of the pain.sympathetic blocks and sympathectomy are definitive modes of therpy. In a series of 147 patients, 56% required surgical sympathectomy. The rest were treated by blocks, physical therapy, and other medical measures. Eighy‐two percent had excellent relief of pain, 11% had good relief, while 7% had no relief. Thirty‐one percent of patients had residual symptoms resulting from the original injury, or from irreversible occurrences on the basis of pain and trophic changes. Emphasis is placed on early recognition and proper trea

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07669.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Histopathology data from 298 patients with breast cancer have been stored in a computer, and features influencing survival have been analysed by the life table method and presented in survival curves. Prognostic features assessed were the size, type, and grade of neoplasm, the amount of stromal elastosis and lymphocytic infiltrate, and the presence and number of axillary metastases. The most reliable indications of short survival are the presence of axillary metastases and a high tumour grade. These two features are correlated, as highgrade tumours are much more likely to have metastases at presentation. No statistical difference is found in the survival of patients with metastases in one or two axillary nodes compared with those with larger numbers involved. There are differences in survival in different types of carcinoma; the well‐differentiated infiltrating duct carcinoma with tubular pattern has the best prognosis, followed by the medullary carcinoma. The size of the tumour has some prognostic significance, but this is outweighed by its grad

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07670.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A retrospecitve review of the results of boen scintigrams (scans), perfromed on 85 consecutive patients with operable breast cancer at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, revealed a true positive scan rate of 10%. No significant association was found between positive scans and either tumour size or clinical status of axillary nodes; however, a statistically significant association was demonstrated between positive scans and the presence of pathologically involved axillary nodes. Scans were positive in nine out of 54 patients (17%) with involved nodes and in eight out of 21 (38%) with four or more involved nodes, but in none out of 24 patients with negative nodes. (Pis less than 0.05). Of the 85 patients, 29 had scans showing increased uptake; 13 of these had benign disease demonstrated radiologically, and technical or reporting error accounted for another seven. This left nine true positives. Clinical metastases subsequently developed in eight of the nine scan‐positive patients (89%), but in only 17 of the 76 scan‐negative patients (22%), within the follow‐up period (mean 16 months). (Pis less than 0.0005.) Seven of the eight scan‐positive patients who developed clinically obvious metastases had four or more involved axillary lymph nodes. It is concluded that the finding of an unequivocally positive bone scan in a patient with clinically “early” breast cancer strongly suggests the presence of metastases and must be considered in planning appropriate treatment. Furthermore, although the bone scan is unlikely to be positive if nodes are histologically negative, it can be an important staging investigation and prognostic index for patients who are found to be node‐positive, especially if a large number of lymph nodes

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07671.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Carcinold tumours afr by bo means rare. The wide range of sites in which they occur is explained by their origin from APUD cells of the neural crest. These cells migrate to all parts of the allmentary tract during embryonic life, and ultimately are found as well in various gut derivatives such as the respiratory, pancreatic and billary systems. On the blast of a series of 31 carcinold tumours seen at the Royal Prince Alfrad Hospital in a five‐year period, the distincitve clinical and histological features of carcinoids of foregut, midgut and hindgut origin and reviewed. Diagnoisis, treatement and results are discussed, and recommendations regarding management of the patient with a cercinoid tumour are give

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07672.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Surgery is the prime method of therapy for endometrial carcinoma. However. in nearly all cases radiotherapy is combined with it either before or after operation. High risk facotors include hyperoestrinism, cervical spread, myometrial invasion, cellular anaplasia, and metastatic spread to adnexa, vagina and the pelvic lymph nodes. The latter involvement of the last factor is analysed in some deatail. on the base of 216 dissecsitons with an incidence of 8%. Analysis of other authors' findings are reviewed on the basis of autopsy and slection. The place for Wertheim hysterectomy is discussed, also vaginal hysterectomy and the timing of surgery when irradiation is discussed, also vaginal hysterctomy and the timing of surgery when irradiation is given preoperatively. The author's statistics are derived from a previous stuyd of 468 patients treated between 1956 and 1971.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07673.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07674.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of treatment by immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy were assessed in 31 non‐randomized patients with melanoma; 16 received only BCG and 15 BCG and chemotherapy. For advanced cases, the times of survival for the two treatment groups did not differ significantly, nor did there appear to be any improvement in survival over that recorded for the natural course of the disease. The pretreatment immune status as judged by hyporeactivity or normal reactivity to skin tests for delayed type hypersensitivity did not appear to influence survival. This study, together with other reports, does not support the use of immunotherapy in advanced melanoma. lmmunotherapy for early melanoma is still to be assesse

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1979.tb07675.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY