ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01607.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Disorders of sphincter of oddi motility are being recognized as a cause for post‐cholecystectomy pain. Objective diagnosis of sphincter of oddi dysfunction is difficult because of the relative inaccessibility of the sphincter. In recent years, a number of investigations have been used in order to diagnose motility disorders of the sph meter of oddi. The most useful of these investigations is endoscopic manometry. However, in addition, the morphine neostigmine provocation test, radioscintigraphy to assess bile flow, and assessment of pancreatic duct diameter following secretin infusion have been used. Specificity and sensitivity for all of these investigations of sphincter of oddi function have been difficult to obtain due to the small number of patients and the heterogeneity of sphincter of oddi abnormalities. Based on the manometry measurements, two major subgroups of sphincter of oddi dysfunction have been defined. One group of patients exhibits a high basal pressure consistent with stenosis and the second demonstrates a number of dyskinetic patterns. Prospective studies currently underway will best define the most appropriate therapy for these disorder

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01608.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The statistics used in 240 surgical publications were reviewed. Basic parametric statistics were used in 60% of the publications; 21% of publications failed to document a measure of central tendency, 11% of publications contained an undefined notation, and 10% of publications did not state the type of evaluative statistic that was used to calculate apvalue, that is, an ‘orphanp’. These results indicate the need for wider education about the use of descriptive and basic parametric statistics. It is impossible to evaluate the surgical literature critically without these ski

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01609.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01610.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Management of ruptured spleen still frequently requires splenectomy. A retrospective analysis of patients undergoing spleneelomy for trauma at box hill hospital, melbourne, over a 14‐year period was conducted; 141 of 145 cases were due to blunt trauma. The mortality rate was 10% and all deaths occurred as a result of road traffic accidents. The overall complication rale was 43%, varying from 25% in those with an isolated splenic injury to 100% with multiple system injuries.There was zero incidence of associated intra‐abdominal injury in the group sustaining a ruptured spleen as a result of a fall, assault or sporting injury, in contrast to a nearly 50% incidence following road traffic and bicycle accidents. Whether these associated injuries would have been neglected had laparotomy for splenic trauma not been performed is uncertain, and so non‐operative management of splenic trauma remains contentious, particularly in cases following vehicular acci

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01611.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Little has been written on the outcome of the survivors of major trauma accidents. The glasgow outcome scale has been used to assess outcome following neurotrauma. This study of 90 patients reviewed at an average of 3.2 years post‐injury used a modified form of the glasgow outcome scale expanded to include all abbreviated injury score body areas. The average injury severity score was 23.3. The majority of patients had a satisfactory outcom

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01612.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective clinical study of 204 individuals with occupationally related upper limb or neck pain was initiated to determine the major symptom patterns, the physical findings, and changes in laboratory tests that are exhibited by these subjects. On the basis of this information it was possible to determine the proportion that was suffering from a recognizable, pathologically discrete, musculoskeletal disorder. The study shows that in the majority (58%) of these people, a discrete musculoskelelal disorder exists. The most common diagnoses were peripheral nerve entrapments (19%) and arthropathies (16%). In 42% a discrete diagnosis was not made and the nature of the disorder, in these, is discussed.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01613.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new technique for split skin graft fixation using ‘hypafixy’ adhesive dressing is described. Ninety‐three patients with bums involving<20% body surface area grafted at the adelaide children's hospital during february 1985‐may 1987 were reviewed.Comparisons were made between the results of standard fixation and hypafix methods. The hypafix technique showed itself to be simple and reliable, affording considerable versatility and allowing early mobilisation without splintage or sedation. The adhesive is readily loosened with ungvita ointment allowing the dressing to be removed painlessly. In this study its use has shortened both the length of inpalient stay and outpatient follow‐up in the scar management

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01614.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Keratinc cyte cell culture has been studied by a large number of investigators, resulting in an extensive body of often contradictory literature. The advantages and disadvantages of the two major techniques, explain and disaggregated culture, will be examined, followed by a critical evaluation of the major technical variables. Suggested standardized methods for both explant and disaggregated culture, and the indications for the use of each, will be proposed. Finally, further directions for basic research will be suggested in order to improve this useful tcol.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01615.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recent reports suggest that oestrogen receptors detected in the cytosolic fraction of homogenized human breast tumours might be mainly nuclear receptor released into the cytoplasm during tissue processing. This study thus compiles the tumour content of steroid hormone receptors in conventional cytosolic receptor assays with direct measurements of receptor in the cell nucleus. Unoccupied cytoplasmic oestrogen receptors (cer), cytoplasmic progesterone receptors (cpr) and total (occupied plus unoccupied) nuclear oestrogen receptors (ner) have been measured in parallel in human breast tumour tissue using biochemical radioreceptor assay. Of 125 tumours, 62% and 61% were positive for cer and cpr, respectively, 50% contained ner with high affinity for oestradiol (ner i) and 13% expressed ner with low affinity for oestradiol (ner ii). The concentration of cer correlated significantly with age, cpr and log ner i. A significant proportion of tumours which were positive for both cytosol receptors also possessed nuclear receptors with high and low affinity for oestrogen. It is possible that this group of tumours which are positive for cer, cpr, ner i and ner ii will respond well to hormone therapy.

ISSN:0004-8682    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1989.tb01616.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY