摘要:

Degenerative structural changes develop in the secretory tissues of most salivary glands in man with advancing age. Quantitative studies have shown losses of a third or more in the parenchymal content of submandibular and labial glands and mostly these changes accrue steadily across the adult life span. The parotid appears less prone to such extensive change but currently only limited data are available for this gland. Positive correlations are evident between the age‐dependent decrements of secretory tissue and reductions in salivary flow rate for the submandibular and labial glands. The parotid, however, shows no functional correlation with the demonstrable tissue losses of old age. Future research should he directed at structural‐functional anomalies in aging glands and should seek to examine the changing demands on salivary structure and function within the wider context of the maintenance of oral health in the elde

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00062.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Adequate supply of calcium is essential for proper maintenance of the skeletal system. Recent studies suggest that, in the United States, dietary calcium in most women is inadequate to maintain skeletal integrity. Additionally, postmenopausal women will lose bone mass more rapidly because of estrogen deficiency and possibly tack of exercise. Severe loss of bone mass can result in several serious skeletal diseases, the most frequent of which is osteoporosis. This disease is a major contributor (25–30%) to hip fractures and spinal compression fractures in elderly people. Indirect sequelae of these fractures are responsible for 12% to 15% mortality in these patients within three months. Recent research indicates that osteoporitic bone loss may directly affect alveolar bone and may, in fact, exacerbate existing periodontally‐induced bone loss. This article will review the literature concerning physiological and biochemical parameters related to the absorption and metabolism of calcium with special emphasis on calcium alterations in the aging process. The following areas will be discussed: Ingestion, Absorption, Factors Effecting Absorption and Bone Maintenance, Calcium/Protein Interactions Affecting the Aging Process, Altered Bone States Associated with the Aging Person, Osteoporosis, Osteomalacia, Paget's Disease, Calcium Affecting Drug Action, and Calcium Affecting Alveolar B

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00063.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Employing autoradiographic techniques, several 3H‐carbohydrates have been used to study the uptake, utilization, distribution, and turnover of simple sugars by the tissues of the oral cavity in the aging mouse model system. The effects of age and the changes concomitant with aging are central to these and other ongoing studies. To date it has been concluded that all dental tissues utilize simple sugars extensively throughout their lifespan. Some sugars are utilized more extensively than others by different tissues, revealing varying patterns and levels of utilization. With increasing age, carbohydrate utilization is diminished; some carbohydrates more than others. Both chronological and biological changes are evident with increasing tim

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00064.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of dichloromethylene diphosphonate (C12MDP) on previously described maturational bone loss were quantified in 24 Wistar rats. Four groups of six animals each were treated daily from 18 to 28 weeks of age with a subcutaneous injection of a 0.1, 1.0 or 10mg/kg dose of C12MDP or were sham treated with 0.9% NaC1. Prior to sacrifice, all animals were double‐labeled with tetracycline. The interdental bone between first and second maxillary molars was evaluated on decalcified stained sections and on undecalcified ground sections by digitizing morphometry. No significant differences in periodontal ligament width, bone height, osteoclast numbers or tetracycline labeled surface were detected. Significantly greater bone area (p<0.01) and bone width (p<0.005), and significantly fewer osteoblasts/mm of bone surface (p<0.001) were measured in rats treated with 10 mg/kg doses of C12MDP; and a dose response was demonstrated. It was concluded that C12MDP prevented interdental bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption, and that bone formation may have been indirectly reduced through a coupling mechanis

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Labelling Index (L.I.), thickness and number of cell layers in the stratum corneum of various epithelia of groups of eight‐week‐old and two‐year‐old mice were compared. Arbitrarily selected subgroups of 5 animals were injected with 1μ Ci/gm body weight of3H‐TdR at 6 hourly intervals. Two hours after injection, specimens of skin from ear and footpad and of mucosa from tongue and palate were removed and either prepared for autoradiography or frozen for cryotomy and histological assessment. Most tissues showed a significant diurnal variation in L.I. In the older animals the L.I. was lower in all tissues except the palate (no change) and ear epidermis (higher). The thickness of the epithelium of the old animals was less in the palate but greater in the ear and footpad. The number of cell layers of the stratum corneum, when visualized by alkaline expansion, was unchanged in the footpad but significantly increased in the ears of th

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A random sample of non‐institutionalized elderly people in Örebro County, Sweden, has been examined. The present paper reports on the general health conditions obtained from interviews in this population and on the relation between general health and dental status. Eighty‐one percent of the clinically examined subjects considered that they were healthy or fairly healthy. A higher percentage of women as compared to men regarded themselves to be moderately or very ill. Women also used more drugs than men did. Only 6% did not feel strong enough for extensive dental treatment. Physically handicapped people used dental services less than the rest of the population did. Otherwise, general health seemed to have limited influence on the use of dental services. Subjects with better dental status reported less frequent illness, chronic diseases, and medication as compared to subjects with poorer dental status. The self‐assessed general health, also in the presence of age, sex, and residence variables, showed significant correlation with the dental status but not if socio‐economic variables were also included in a regressi

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0734-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-2358.1986.tb00069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY