ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background.Paramacular coloboma (plural: colobomata) is a solitary oval football or torpedo-shaped chorioretinal lesion located temporal to the fovea in one or both eyes. Previous case reports have speculated varying etiology, but few have justified its pathognomonic shape and location. We believe it to be congenital in nature and caused by incomplete differentiation of the arcuate bundles along the horizontal raphe in development of the macular architecture. Associated ocular findings may include blepharophimosis, situs inversus, or other anomalous retinal vascular patterns.Case Reports.Three cases of asymptomatic unilateral paramacular colobomata are presented. In each case, a single oval chorioretinal lesion temporal to the macula was found during routine examination. Visual acuity and Humphrey threshold visual field testing were normal with no other associated congenital, systemic, or ocular abnormalities. Because the lesion is nonprogressive, these patients can be followed on an annual basis.Conclusion.Due to their anatomical origin, paramacular colobomata are always located temporal to the macula and have an oval football-shaped appearance. Visual acuity and visual field testing are usually normal, although highly observant patients may be aware of a mild scotoma. Differential diagnosis is important because the clinical appearance can be similar to acquired conditions, most notably age-related macular degeneration and presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To quantitatively assess the staining of Marx’s line with lissamine green dye.Methods.Forty white (European) subjects, aged 18 to 78 years, were assessed. The subjects had no major eye disease, although some had mild to moderate blepharitis. Lissamine green dye strips were used to stain the marginal zone of the palpebral conjunctiva, and high-magnification photo slit lamp images were taken of the everted upper eyelid along with a scale rule. From prints at 1600×, the distances between the main tarsal (Meibomian) gland orifices, the width of the lissamine green-stained Marx’s line, and the location of its anterior border were measured.Results.The group-mean distance between the main tarsal gland orifices was 0.81 ± 0 16 mm, whereas the width of the lissamine green-stained line was 0.10 ± 0.09 mm. In most subjects, the lissamine green-stained line was posterior to the tarsal gland orifices, and the location of the proximal (anterior) edge of this line averaged +0.13 mm from a reference line drawn through the orifices.Conclusion.Lissamine green dye highlights a very distinct line of cells along the marginal zone. This line of cells is narrow and is thought to be the natural site of frictional contact between the eyelid margin and the surfaces of the bulbar conjunctiva and cornea, rather than the edge of the tear meniscus or location of the edge of the lacrimal river.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.Early detection and treatment of amblyogenic conditions such as high refractive errors and anisometropia can help prevent the development of amblyopia. The traditional gold standard for the determination of refractive error in pre-school children is retinoscopy. Difficulties with retinoscopy in pre-school children have led to the development of autorefractors that can be free of operator bias and can be used by lay individuals. The Nikon Retinomax Plus handheld autorefractor has proven to be reliable for quick and accurate assessments of refractive errors in children. The Welch Allyn SureSight Vision Screener is a relatively new handheld autorefractor. The present study compares the results of measurements with the Retinomax Plus and the SureSight to the results of cycloplegic retinoscopy in pre-school children.Methods.Thirty-five children ranging in age from 3 to 5 years old were subjects. Any subjects with strabismus, amblyopia, nystagmus, or ocular disease were excluded. Refractive error was assessed 30 min after the application of a cycloplegic spray.Results.Both autorefractors showed moderate agreement with cycloplegic retinoscopy results for measurement of spherical equivalent and cylinder power. In addition, the SureSight and the Retinomax Plus sphere and cylinder results showed moderate agreement with each other. Although the mean differences of the spherical equivalents determined were minimal, the 95% confidence intervals were large, which limits the value of the data obtained from each instrument.Conclusions.Even though the Retinomax Plus and the SureSight appear to agree with each other and with the results of cycloplegic retinoscopy for determining sphere and cylinder power, interpretation of the data should be considered as screening only because the actual magnitude of sphere and cylinder may vary from the actual magnitude. These results suggest that either device may be useful only as screening tools for assessing refractive error in pre-school children.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID