ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To review the incidence, underlying pathophysiology, and clinical features of filamentary keratitis and to identify evidence-based best-practice strategies for managing filamentary keratitis.Methods.A comprehensive review of published literature was undertaken. Recommendations for best-practice management strategies were based on the available evidence. Three cases are presented to illustrate the clinical findings and management of patients with chronic filamentary keratitis.Results.Although the evidence base is limited by the absence of well-designed studies, current evidence indicates the following: (1) Aqueous-deficient dry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) is the most common ocular condition associated with filamentary keratitis. (2) Current best-practice management of filamentary keratitis involves treating the underlying dry eye and specific treatments for the corneal filaments. Proposed treatments include nonpreserved lubricants, topical steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and punctal plugs for aqueous-deficient dry eye as well as mechanical removal of filaments, hypertonic saline, mucolytic agents, and bandage contact lenses for the filaments. (3) Filamentary keratitis can be induced or exacerbated by contact lens wear and ocular surgical procedures such as cataract surgery and corneal graft surgery. Pre- and postoperative ocular surface management strategies should be considered in the surgical planning of patients with, or who are susceptible to, filamentary keratitis. Filamentary keratitis can also be induced and/or exacerbated by chronic use of ocular and/or systemic medications, and alternate medications or additional measures to manage the tear film and ocular surface may be required in these cases.Conclusions.Filamentary keratitis can be a chronic, recurrent, and debilitating condition. With a systemic approach to diagnosis and management, the condition can be effectively controlled and the incidence and severity of recurrences minimized.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.The purpose of this study was to produce normative data for Rosner’s Test of Visual Analysis Skills (TVAS, 1979).Methods.A total of 881 unselected children aged 5 to 10 years and in the first 4 years of school in Australia were tested to threshold on the TVAS. Percentile, mean, and standard deviation for each age group were calculated.Results.We found a steady increase in scores with grade and age and a significant difference in scores between most of the ages and grades. This progression indicates that the test accurately reflects increased sophistication in visual analysis skills. There was no significant difference between girls and boys.Conclusions.Normative data is presented in terms of percentiles for each age group. Interpretation of the scores is discussed.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To determine how many ultrasound pachymetry measurements are required to obtain a reasonable estimate of central corneal thickness.Methods.Five central corneal thickness measurements were obtained from each eye of 101 patients with normal corneas. The means of fewer than five readings were compared with the mean of five values for each eye to determine the incremental clinical value of additional measurements.Results.Compared with the mean of five values, fewer than three measurements per eye provided a mean central corneal thickness value with inadequate confidence. Conversely, means of more than three readings provided little additional confidence over means of three values.Conclusions.Central corneal thickness by ultrasound pachymetry can be adequately assessed in the majority of eyes by taking three measurements per eye.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.Despite numerous studies that have considered the effects of extended wear of high-Dk soft contact lenses on ocular physiology, little attention has been paid to the impact of such lenses on central or peripheral corneal thickness and curvature. The present study aims to report the time course of changes in corneal thickness and curvature that accompanies the 30-night continuous wear of new silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses in a neophyte population in a longitudinal study.Methods.Six subjects wore high-Dk lotrafilcon (Dk = 140) on a 30-night replacement schedule for 12 months. Only measurements from the right eye were considered for analysis. Topographical measurements of corneal thickness and curvature were taken. The same parameters were monitored for an additional period of 3 months after lens removal.Results.An almost homogenous increase in corneal radius of curvature was detected for all the locations studied, being statistically significant for the 4-mm cord diameter area. This effect was associated with a progressive thinning effect for the central cornea, whereas midperipheral and peripheral areas did not display such a thinning effect during continuous wear. These effects were still evident for the central cornea 3 months after contact lens wear discontinuation.Conclusions.Continuous wear of high-Dk silicone hydrogel contact lenses is associated with clinically appreciable changes in topographical corneal curvature, whereas only a reduction in corneal thickness is appreciated in the central area. This effect seems to be a result of mechanical pressure induced by these hybrid hyperpermeable materials, characterized by a higher modulus of elasticity. The small sample size compromises the conclusions addressed from this study, and further work will be necessary to confirm the present results.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID