ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Background.Cystic maculopathy without leakage on fluorescein angiography has been described in cases of toxicity to niacin. We present a similar case of cystic maculopathy due to docetaxel (Taxotere) in the treatment of breast cancer.Case report.A 53-year-old Asian female presented with complaints of decreased vision soon after the initiation of treatment for breast cancer with docetaxel. A cystic maculopathy with a normal fluorescein angiogram was found on examination. Significant improvement in visual acuity along with resolution of the cystic maculopathy was found after changing to an alternate antineoplastic agent.Conclusion.Docetaxel may be associated with cystic maculopathy that does not display angiographic evidence of abnormal capillary permeability.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The current knowledge of treatment options together with signs and symptoms, classification, prevalence, and etiology of 3- and 9-o’clock staining in rigid contact lens wear are described in this review article. In total, 11 treatment options for the management of 3- and 9-o’clock staining were found in the literature. Five of these treatment options are related to lens parameters, namely edge lift, edge thickness and shape, back surface geometry, total diameter, and back optic zone radius. Three other options are related to lens performance: movement, centration, and surface wettability. Three more variables can be identified: blinking habits, tear supplements, and, finally, switching to a hydrogel material. There is controversy on how to adjust the most important individual variables for management of 3- and 9-o’clock staining. The advocated treatment options are often related to the fitting techniques used: lid attachment or interpalpebral fit. Implications for practice and for further research are discussed.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To compare the frequency of mucin balls in subjects wearing conventional and high-Dk silicone hydrogel lenses during 12 months of extended-wear and to determine whether mucin balls are associated with any lens or subject characteristics.Methods.This study used data from a clinical trial where subjects wore either conventional hydrogel (N = 69, 6-night extended-wear) or silicone hydrogel (N = 70, 30-night extended-wear) contact lenses for 12 months. The number of mucin balls and other physiological responses, lens fit and performance, and subjective patient responses to lens wear were rated at each scheduled visit.Results.Subjects in the silicone hydrogel group had significantly greater numbers of mucin balls compared with subjects in the conventional hydrogel group over time (p < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in the percentage of subjects with mucin balls between the two groups. Increasing lens wettability, back surface deposits, and time of lens wear were associated with higher numbers of mucin balls in the conventional hydrogel group (p < 0.05); steeper corneal curvature and increasing lens wettability, back surface deposits, and number of microcysts were associated with higher numbers of mucin balls in the silicone hydrogel group (p < 0.05).Conclusions.This study indicates that a subset of the population is predisposed to develop mucin balls irrespective of the soft contact lens type worn, but lens type influences the degree of mucin ball formation. The relationship between lens wettability, back surface deposits, and steeper corneal curvature with mucin balls supports the hypothesis that the mechanical interaction of a lens with the surface layer of the epithelium and the tear film in association with the blinking forces of the lid is involved in mucin ball formation.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To determine the degree of pathological change in the primary visual cortex (area V1) in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.Method.The vacuolation, surviving neurons, glial cells, and deposits of prion protein were quantified in area V1 obtained postmortem in nine cases of the sporadic type of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.Results.Variations in the density of glial cells and in prion protein deposition were particularly evident between patients. In the upper and lower cortical laminae, vacuoles and prion protein deposits were regularly distributed in clusters with a mean dimensions of 450 to 1000 &mgr;m. Vacuolation in area V1 was most severe in lamina III and the glial cell reaction in lamina V or VI. Surviving neurons were most abundant in lamina II or III, whereas prion protein deposition either affected all laminae equally or was maximal in lamina II or III.Conclusion.The data suggest that pathological changes in area V1 in sporadic type of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease may affect the transmission of visual information from area V1 to V2 and to subcortical visual areas. In addition, the data suggest an association between the developing pathology and the functional domains of area V1.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.Pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) assessment measures the choroidal circulation and provides diagnostic value to certain ocular diseases such as glaucoma. This technique assumes a constant ocular rigidity and is influenced by axial length, diurnal variation, and age. This study investigated the effect of age on POBF, with consideration of the above factors. Ocular blood supply in the ophthalmic artery was also determined using color Doppler ultrasonography.Methods.A total of 118 healthy subjects aged 19 to 75 years were recruited. They were divided into five groups (below age 30, 30 to 39, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, and 60 or above) of at least 20 subjects each. Only one eye of each subject, with axial length <24.5 mm, was considered. The subject’s supine POBF was determined followed by a measurement of the blood flow velocity in the ophthalmic artery using color Doppler ultrasonography. All the measurements were at around the same time of day to eliminate any effect from diurnal variation. The scleral rigidity was measured using a Schiotz tonometer with 5.5- and 7.5-g weights.Results.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant increase of scleral rigidity with age (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.26, p < 0.01) and a significant decrease of POBF with age (r = −0.35, p < 0.01). The reduction in peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery with age was significant (r = −0.28, p < 0.01). Both the systolic and diastolic brachial pressure showed significant increase with age (r = 0.55, p < 0.01; r = 0.40, p < 0.01, respectively). Using multiple regression analysis, POBF showed a significant correlation with age (partial correlation r = −0.36, p < 0.01), but not with scleral rigidity or systolic or diastolic brachial pressure. The peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery also showed significant correlation with age (partial correlation r = −0.29, p < 0.01).Conclusions.The reduction in POBF with age was significant. Although aging affects scleral rigidity and systemic blood pressure, multiple regression analysis indicates that the most influential factor affecting POBF is aging. The peak systolic velocity in the ophthalmic artery also decreased with age, indicating reduced ocular blood supply.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.Children may perform poorly on a test of visual-motor integration due to deficits in one or more of the following: visual analysis/visual spatial ability, motor coordination, visual conceptualization, or visual-motor integration. The VMI Supplemental Developmental Test of Visual Perception (VP) and VMI Supplemental Developmental Test of Motor Coordination (MC) were developed to help differentiate between such difficulties after administration of the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI). However, the clinical value of the VMI supplemental tests has not been reported.Method.The VMI, VP, and MC were administered to 193 children (mean age = 8.77 years).Results.Multiple linear regression revealed that the supplemental tests were significantly related to the VMI (VP: &bgr; = 0.212 ± 0.044, p < 0.001; MC: &bgr; = 0.422 ± 0.299, p < 0.001) but explained only 36.2% of the variance in the VMI. Poor performance was defined as a score >1 SD below the mean for study population norms and below the 16th percentile for published norms. Using study population norms, 35 children did poorly on the VMI, 20% of whom scored poorly on VP, 14.3% of whom scored poorly on MC, 17.1% of whom scored poorly on both supplemental tests, and 48.6% of whom scored within normal on both supplemental tests. Using the published norms, 40 children scored poorly on the VMI. Twenty-eight children scored poorly on VP, 39% of whom scored within normal on the VMI. Fifty-six children scored poorly on MC, 54% of whom scored within normal on the VMI.Conclusion.There was a significant amount of variance in performance on the VMI that was not explained by performance on the tests of VP or MC alone. Each area should be individually assessed during the visual perceptual examination of children, regardless of performance on the VMI. Even children who perform within normal limits on the VMI may show a deficit in VP or MC.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Purpose.To investigate the effect of repeated testing on adaptation to a 2 &Dgr; vertical prism in subjects with normal binocular single vision.Methods.Subjects were required to have good visual acuity and normal binocular single vision. The residual deviation was measured after a 1-min period of adaptation to a 2 &Dgr; vertical prism using a modified Maddox Rod technique. This measurement was repeated 10 times, with a 5-min rest period between each trial.Results.For eight young adult subjects, the mean residual deviation at 1 min reduced with consecutive trials, and this effect was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). No significant correlation was present between the amplitude of vertical vergence and the increase in adaptation with repeated demand.Conclusions.A practice effect for vertical vergence adaptation appears to be present in young adult subjects with normal binocular single vision.

ISSN:1040-5488    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID