摘要:

Differential staining of cartilage and bone has several applications including developmental toxicology studies of new chemical candidates for pharmaceutical, industrial, and environmental use. It has been more common to stain fetal bone only using the dye alizarin red S: however, failure to evaluate the cartilaginous portion of the skeleton may result in the failure to identify toxicologically important alterations in skeletal morphology. Previously, differential staining of fetal cartilage and bone was best achieved by combining alizarin red S for staining bone with alcian blue to stain cartilage in glacial acetic acid solution: however, occupational hazards posed by the use of glacial acetic acid make these methods undesirable. Replacement of the glacial acetic acid with potassium hydrogen phthalate eliminates these hazards without compromising the quality of the stained specimen.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106284

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The upper first molars of adult male rats were moved for 7 days and unfixed, undecalcified frozen sections of the molar periodontal ligament were prepared and observed. The upper jaws of the rats were immersed rapidly in liquid nitrogen and sectioned with a cryostat using a super hard knife. Five micrometer serial sections were cut, collected, freeze-dried and observed with both light and scanning electron microscopy. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was also performed on the sections. On the tension side of the periodontal ligament, periodontal fibers were stretched and the osteoblasts were aligned on the osteoid, which showed metachro-masia with the toluidine blue stain. On the pressure side where the periodontal ligament was extremely compressed, tissue degeneration was caused by tooth movement and the osteoclasts were observed on the bone surface adjacent to the degenerating tissues. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a network arrangement of the collagen fiber bundles on the tension side, but not on the pressure side of the periodontal ligament. The spectrum obtained from EPMA of the osteoid demonstrated X-ray (Ka) peaks of Na, P, S, K and Ca.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106285

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Use of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) as a final dehydrating solution provides robust, undistorted secondary electron images of a variety of angiosperm and gymnosperm pollen grains, including those considered to be susceptible to collapse in the scanning electron microscope. Ease of handling, low cost, lack of specialized equipment, minimal expenditure of time, and high rate of success are factors that favor HMDS over other drying agents for preparing pollen grains for scanning' electron microscopy.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106286

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Intensity of bacterial flagella staining using a modified silver stain was increased by aging the mordant for one week at room temperature. The use of aged mordant increased the apparent diameters of stained flagella and resulted in a darker stain. The mordant remained stable for at least four months at room temperature. The staining protocol presented allows application to liquid or solid cultures.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106287

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We compared immunohistochemi-cal staining by two monoclonal antibodies, PC10 and 19A2, to standard methods for cell proliferation,3H-TdR or BrdU labeling index (S-LI) and S-phase fraction by flow cytometry (S-flow). One hundred thirty-two breast carcinomas were studied retrospectively using formalin fixed, paraffin embedded archival tissues on which S-LI and S-flow had been obtained originally. Percentages of tumor cells positive with PC10 and 19A2 correlated well (r = 0.736, p<0.0001), although the mean marking index for 19A2 was lower and closer to reference measurements than the mean PC10 index. Correlations between PC10 or 19A2 vs. S-LI, S-flow or DNA ploidy (DNAI) were significant in a group of 64 tumors obtained between 1988 and June 1992, and poor in another group of 68 tumors obtained between 1985 and 1988, suggesting deterioration of stainability with prolonged storage. Discrimination of faint staining from negative nuclei was difficult on PCNA stained sections. Carnoy fixation did not improve results over those fixed with formalin. S-flow and S-LI predicted relapse-free survival. but PCNA indices did not. We conclude that PC10 and 19A2 immunostaining of formalin or Carnoy fixed archival breast cancer tissue correlated with reference measures of proliferation only in cases of short storage periods. Although statistically significant, levels of correlation were too low to use PCNA indices for prognosis.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106288

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A new antibody (MIB-1) has been described, permitting the demonstration of Ki-67 proliferation antigen in paraffin sections. However, satisfactory results were obtained only after subjecting tissue sections to microwave based antigen retrieval in citrate buffer solution. Other buffer solutions produce equivalent or better results and also permit use of the original Ki-67 antibody, which hitherto has been considered ineffective for paraffin sections.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106289

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Routine histological fixatives barely preserve tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactivity in paraffin sections. Fixation in 5% acrolein in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, resulted in good preservation of the enzyme in the tissues investigated.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106290

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Plastination permits the preservation of anatomical specimens in a physical state approaching that of the living condition. We studied the possibility of using silicone plastinated fragments of spleen and pancreas for optical and electron microscopy, and found that with an adequate fixation protocol, plastinated specimens can be used for both light microscopy and ultra-structural studies. Deplastination with sodium methoxide permitted production of clean sections. Artifacts produced by plastination/deplastination could be nearly eliminated by glutaraldehyde/formaldehyde fixation. The (Biodur) silicone S10 polymer is transparent and stable in an electron beam, and plastinated tissues can be contrasted or colored similar to tissues embedded in Epon 812. In addition to being very life-like, plastinated tissues are stable and easy to handle. They can also be used for electron and light microscopic studies. This technique may also allow retrospective epidemiological studies of archived pathology specimens.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106291

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A simple and rapid one-step method for demonstrating immunohistochemical markers (leukocyte common antigen, cytokeratin, etc.) is described, which can help define the nature of poorly differentiated neoplasms for diagnosis using frozen section. Microwave irradiation was used to speed immunohistochemical analysis using“Enhanced Polymer One-step Staining”(EPOS) reagents on cryostat sections from a variety of pathologic samples. Reproducible results were obtained using EPOS reagents for leukocyte common antigen and cytokeratin. The overall procedure takes less than 10 min and can be completed during surgery.

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106292

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1052-0295    

DOI:10.3109/10520299409106293

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor