摘要:

SUMMARYNADP+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (alcohol: NADP+: oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.2) was isolated from cell-free extracts ofPhycomyces blakesleeanus, and the substrate specificity and kinetic properties of the enzyme were studied. Only primary alcohols were oxidized and of the aldehydes tested, only methanal (formaldehyde) was utilized as a substrate. The enzyme was inactive with NAD+and was inhibited by pyrazole and by p-chloromercuribenzoate.The apparent Kmvalues atpH 8.3 decreased with increasing chain length of the alcohol substrate. Ethanol had the highest value (1.98×10-5M) while the value for 1-heptanol was 2.46×10-6M. The maximum velocities (Vmax) decreased as the chain length of the alcohols was increased. The Kmvalue for NADP+was 1.3×10-5M.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020262

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe subgenusPeronosclerosporaofSclerosporais raised to generic rank and described, The following species are transferred fromSclerosporaintoPeronosclerospora: S. dichanthiicola, S. maydis, S. miscanthi, S. philippinensis, S. sacchari, S. spontanea, S. sorghi, andS. westonii. Peronosclerospora sacchariis the type species of the genus. The diagnostic characters distinguishingPeronosclerosporaandSclerosporaare the production of true conidia which always germinate by a germ tube inPeronosclerospora, and the production of typical sporangia with a modified apical area which functions as an operculum through which zoospores escape inSclerospora.The phylogeny of the Peronosporales is also discussed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020263

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYContinuous monochromatic radiation shorter than 520 nm induced the formation of columnar pycnidial stromata with 300.5 and 310.0 nm particularly effective. Exudation of conidia occurred only when cultures were exposed to radiation shorter than 333 nm. This study was limited to the spectrum from 300 to 700 nm wavelengths.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020264

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSeveral species ofCylindrocladium, comprising 58 isolates, were studied in culture to determine their trophic and sporulation responses to various nutrients and to light.Cylindrocladium avesiculatumand two isolates ofC. floridanumwere thiamine deficient, whereas all other species and isolates tested synthesized essential vitamins. All carbon sources tested were utilized with remarkable similarity by all isolates investigated. All nitrogen sources tested were utilized well, some more rapidly than others, by all isolates, although growth was greater and more rapid when casein hydrolysate was the nitrogen source than when KNO3was used. Production of conidia was not greatly influenced by any of the sporulating isolates on any of the carbon and nitrogen sources. Perithecia were not formed on ammonium sulfate (unless buffered near neutrality) or malt extract media. Most species sporulated asexually better when incubated under near-ultraviolet and blue radiation, exceptC. citriwhich responded to red and far-red radiation, andC. parvumwhich was not affected by light.Cylindrocladium floridanumandC. crotalariaerequired radiation for formation and development of perithecia. Perithecial initials were observed in dark-grown cultures ofC. floridanum.Production of microsclerotia by eight isolates occurred on all five natural media tested, glucose-malt agar being the poorest. Glucose-lima bean agar was an excellent medium for maximum mycelial growth, microsclerotial production, as well as for inducing numerous conidia and perithecia. Glucose-asparagine is recommended as the synthetic medium of choice for taxonomic work, because it provides excellent growth and sporulation of all species investigated. Conidial septation varied with the species but was not observed to be influenced by the medium. Morphology of the apical vesicle of the conidiophore was variable among species and often within the same isolate, thus rendering this characteristic untenable for delineating species.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020265

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYIsolations were made of fungi from mushroom compost at the end of the colonization or growth phase (called spawn run in the mushroom industry) by mycelium ofAgaricus brunnescens.Fifty species of fungi, including many of the so-called weed-molds, were isolated over a period of 5 mo from 33 different lots of compost. Included were also fungi that previously have been reported as inducing high temperature within certain insulated substrates. These fungi were isolated from black areas of compost which had not been colonized by mycelium ofA. brunnescens, as indicated by a lack of white mycelial strands and by a failure of the compost to change in color from black to reddish brown. Determination of growth-temperature relations of these fungi showed that many could grow at a temperature above 33 C, a temperature which totally inhibits the growth of mycelium ofA. brunnescens.Thus some of these fungi may be inhibiting growth ofA. brunnescensin small localized areas of the compost because of their growth in that small area and the high temperature induced from their respiration.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020266

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSeven mutant strains ofMonascus purpureus, induced by fast-neutron and X-ray irradiations, differed in morphology, photoresponses and antibacterial activities. Instead of producing mainly ascospores on malt extract agar, most of the new strains produced a tremendous amount of conidia. Slightly pigmented strains had sturdier hyphae with less branching than those highly pigmented strains. Filaments of isodiametric cells occurred in one strain. Pigmentation of albino and slightly pigmented strains was greatly stimulated by UV irradiation. Conidiation of the albino strain was also stimulated. Unknown compound (s) fromBacillussp. could substitute for the stimulatory effect of UV light. The yellow pigment of the strains is proposed to be the photoreceptor.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020267

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYA major realignment of the taxa ofClavaria, ClavulinopsisandRamariopsisis proposed, in whichClavulinopsisis split and included underClavariaandRamariopsis.A resuméof the included taxa is provided.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020268

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020269

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020270

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1978.12020271

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1978

数据来源: Taylor