摘要:

SUMMARYThis paper reports, for the first time, 25 species of marine pyrenomycetes from Icelandic waters. Taxonomic notes are included for certain species.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018598

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe genusThraustochytriumconsists of 10 species. Characters used to separate these taxa include: 1) zoospore and zoosporangial size; 2) nature of the rhizoids; 3) proliferation characteristics; 4) discharge methods; 5) pigmentation of thalli in mass; and 6) wall thickness of reproductive bodies. Although these taxa appear distinct when various aspects of the above characters are used, comparative morphological studies on aThraustochytrium roseum—T. visurgensecomplex and aT. motivum—T. aureumcomplex point up the difficulty in using many of the characters which presumably separate the thraustochytriaceous taxa. The difficulty arises because the characters are susceptible to variation, the characters tend to overlap, and the characters of the isolates of this study, in conjunction with the characters of the already established taxa, form a character gradient or cline.More specifically, pigmentation, sporangial discharge characteristics, zoospore behavior, rhizoidal nature, and wall thickness, characters used to separateThraustochytrium roseumandT. visurgense, are either highly variable or clinal so as to suggest that the two species are in fact but a single taxon,T. roseum.Also some of the characters used to distinguishT. aureumandT. motivumare so variable or clinal that their value is questionable.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018599

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYHydnocystisTul.&Tul. is shown to be a monotypic genus containing onlyH. piligeraTul.&Tul. in the family Geneaceae of the Tuberales.Sepultaria(Cooke) Boud. (Pezizales) is shown to be congeneric with the older genusGeoporaHarkness. Two new forms and a new subspecies, all hypogeous, are proposed forGeopora.Two species of Sepultaria and several inHydnocystisare transferred toGeopora. Hydnocystis convoluteMcAlpine is transferred and renamedPezizajactata Burdsall&Korf.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018600

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYGremmeniaKorf is shown to be a synonym ofPhacidiumFr., andGremmenia gigaspora(Gremmen) Korf abnormally developedPhacidium infestansKarst.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018601

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYPhotosporogenesis has two distinct physiological stages inStem-phylium botryosum(a Deuteromycete). The first is an“inductive phase”which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation and results in the formation of conidiophores, and the second phase (“terminal phase”) leads to the formation of conidia and is inhibited by light. An action spectrum for the inhibition of the“terminal phase”was determined by irradiating colonies with monochromatic light (10 nm band widths) from 240 to 650 nm. There are two principal peaks of effectiveness at 280 nm and 480 nm, however, all radiation from 240 to 650 nm at high enough dosages inhibited the“terminal phase.”The most effective range was from 240 to 510 nm. Conidia were not inhibited by light at 21 C, but at 25 and 28 C complete inhibition was evident. The length of darkness necessary for the completion of the“terminal phase”is temperature dependent and the higher the temperature the longer is the dark period necessary for conidium formation.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018602

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYPseudotomcntclla humicola, an additional species ofPscudotomentellawith clamp connections, is described as new. Photomicrographs are supplied to illustrate the salient microscopic features, and supplementary data on distribution and substratum relationships are provided. Important diagnostic criteria are stated, and the species is compared toP. umbrina.The possible taxonomic significance of the form of immature basidiospores ofP. humicolaand some other species ofPscudotomentellais pointed out.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018603

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYLight and electron microscopical studies of the spore development of the lichenized fungus,Texosporium sancti-jacobi(Tuck.) Nádv., have revealed the formation of a diaspore type not formerly known to occur among lichens. The diaspores are of a compound nature. They are formed by ascospores which, after leaving the ascus, soon become coated by a dense cell layer formed from the surrounding paraphyses. An apparently similar diaspore formation is earlier known from the ascomyceteDendrosphaera eberhardtiPat. and the basidiomyceteScleroderma fuscum(Corda) E. Fischer.The generic nameTexosporiumgiven by Nádvornik is validated.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018604

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe fungus populations of 61 forest and 39 cultivated soils from Oahu, Hawaii, were screened for antimycotic activityin vitroagainst 5 fungi displaying various levels of pathogenicity for man. Antimycosis occurred in fungi from the two sources in approximately equal distribution. Forin vitroassay both broth and mycelial extracts were used against the test fungi. By these assays 175 isolates displayed antimycotic activity in mycelium, broth, or both. Antimycosis was shown by 6 Phycomycetes, 3 Ascomycetes, 30 Aspergilli, 49 Penicillia, 25 Fusaria, 47 other Fungi Imperfecti, and 15 non-sporulating isolates. A number of species not previously reported as sources of antimycotic substances were found. Only a few species were capable of antimycosis against all 5 test organisms but among these wasCunninghamella echinulata.Other Phycomycetes produced significant levels of inhibition. It is suggested that Hawaiian soils are a good source of antimycotic substances of potential therapeutic value and that the Phycomycetes as a group should be reexamined for antimycosis.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018605

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYSpores ofPenicillium atrovenetumswell before producing germ tubes and no germination occurred without prior swelling. Dead spores neither swelled nor produced germ tubes. Swelling required exogenous glucose, phosphate, and oxygen, but germ tube formation was dependent, in addition, on the presence of a nitrogen source in the medium. The optimumpH for both swelling and germ tube formation was between 4.0 and 8.0. Spores harvested from cultures more than 4 weeks old resulted in reduced percentages of swollen spores. Swelling was dependent on respiratory and synthetic processes, and carbon dioxide was produced during the entire swelling period. The inhibition of energy formation by azide and 2,4-dinitrophenol as well as fluoride and malonate prevented swelling and carbon dioxide production. During swelling, RNA, DNA, protein, lipids and cell wall components were synthesized from glucose. Inhibitors of protein synthesis prevented swelling. Uracil-C14was incorporated into RNA, and thymidine-H3into DNA, during swelling. From glucose-C”, RNA was synthesized in greatest amounts followed by DNA and protein. Synthesis of RNA during swelling was also energy dependent and was stopped by azide. It is suggested that the swelling process during spore germination is associated with an intense metabolic activity and it is not just a passive process involving osmotic entry of water.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018606

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYA method for storing fungi in liquid nitrogen using a polyester film is described. A modified curtain rod channel is used to hold the film strips with enclosed cultures. The method is designed to facilitate efficient handling and retrieval of cultures. It eliminates the danger of explosions encountered with sealed glass ampoules and increases the capacity to almost 5 times that of described glass ampoule systems. Viable cultures have been retrieved after 7 months storage, the longest period tested.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018607

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor