摘要:

SUMMARYStudies were made to determine whether distinctions betweenCunning-hamella elegansandC. bertholletiae, and between clinical and saprophytic isolates ofC. bertholletiae, can be made on a physiologic and/or morphologic basis. Results indicate that temperature tolerance is the key differential feature forC. elegans, which does not grow at 40 C. Strains ofC. bertholletiaewere variable with respect to temperature tolerance. All of the clinical isolates of the latter, but only five of seven saprophytic strains, grew well at 40–45 C. As a group, however, clinical and saprophytic isolates ofC. bertholletiaecould not be differentiated. Temperature tolerance may also be a key differential feature in identifying neutral isolates ofCunninghamellawhich lack conidia with long echinula- tions. One of the clinical isolates ofC. bertholletiaewhich failed to produce zygospores when paired with both (+) and (-) mating types ofC. elegansandC. bertholletiaewas identified on the basis of growth at 40 C and minor characteristics common to other clinical isolates.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021236

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThis fifth paper of a series considers 11 taxa ofInocybecollected in Annapolis and Kings counties of western Nova Scotia. OnlyI. hystrixandI. xanthomelashave been previously reported from Canada.Inocybe personatais reported for the first time from North America.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021237

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYHyphal anastomosis was studied among 85 isolates of binucleateRhizoctoniasolani-like fungi. On the basis of pairings, seven anastomosis groups (CAG) were discovered and designated CAG 1 through CAG 7. Seventy-one isolates were assigned to the seven CAG. No hyphal fusion occurred in pairings between 54 isolates, randomly selected from the seven CAG and isolates ofR. solaniAG 1, 2, 3, or 4. Within each CAG there was little homogeneity with respect to host, plant part invaded, and geographic origin, with the exception of CAG 1 isolates, which were found associated only with members of the Gramineae. CAG 2 included isolates ofR. ramicolaandR. fragariae.Four isolates in this group were induced to sporulate and were identified asCeratobasidium cornigerum.CAG 6 included an isolate ofR. muneratii.The absence of dark mycelial and sclerotial pigmentation among the majority of isolates in CAG 1, 2, and 7 was the significant cultural feature distinguishing isolates in these groups from isolates in other anastomosis groups and from isolates ofR. solani.Isolates in CAG 3, 4, and 5 formed dark mycelial and sclerotial pigments similar to those produced by isolates ofR. solani.The biologic and taxonomic implications of the anastomosis groups are discussed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021238

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYIn the River Turoslanka in northeastern Poland,Sommerstorffia spinosawas parasitic on the rotiferLepadella elliptica, a new host for the fungus. The vegetative thalli were composed of poorly branched hyphae 6–8μm in diam and about 80–200μm in length, ending in tentaclelike tips. In addition to descriptions of hydrologic and hydrochemical characteristics of the river, the genera of phytoplankton whose species are dominant at the site, the macrophytes, and the dominant species of zooplankton are noted.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021239

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYNine species ofTyphulaare described from India. Three (T.thindii, T. pteridicola, andT. pulgensis) are described as new; two (T.sclerotioidesandT. phacorrhiza)are recorded for the first time from India. The new subgenusTyphulinais proposed for 7.thindiiand its relatives. Other species are distributed in the subgeneraGliocoryne, TyphulaandMicrotyphula.One species,T. micansis referred to“residual species.”Keys to subgenera and species are included.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021240

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYLaetisaria arvalis, a soil-inhabiting basidiomycete, is described from culture as a new species. Descriptions and illustrations of the basidiocarps and cultures are provided and the relationship ofL. arvalistoPhanero-chaeteas well as its potential importance as a biological control agent are discussed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021241

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYLitchi downy blight (name proposed) is induced byPeronophythora litchii.The fungus causes fruit rot in litchi (Litchi chinensis). The cardinal temperatures for growth are 12, 28, and 32 C and for sporangium germination are 12, 28, and 36 C. The sporangia germinate by normal germ tube (direct germination) on V-8-juice agar, and by releasing zoospores (indirect germination) in water. On 2% water agar with 0–10% dextrose, more sporangia germinate directly by a normal germ tube and by production of secondary sporangia as dextrose concentration increases. As dextrose concentration decreases, more sporangia germinate by a“thin”germ tube. Germination by zoospores remains constant. Percent germination decreases as the culture ages. The chilling effect on zoospore release is most evident at 16 C for 30 min when the culture was grown at 26 C and at 12 C for that grown at 16 C. The morphology of the fungus is described briefly.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021242

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYRace 3 ofPhytophthora parasiticavar.nicotianae, the tobacco blackshank fungus, utilizes sucrose less readily than races 0 and 1 of this pathogen. Races 0 and 1 produce kestoses (fructosylsucrose) from sucrose but race 3 does not. Invertases commonly possess both hydrolytic and transferase (transfructosylation) functions. Mycelia from races 0 and 1 contained more invertase (based on hydrolytic activity per g of wet mycelia) than did mycelia from race 3. However, this difference did not explain lack of transferase activity in race 3 since invertases (both crude homogenates of mycelia and ammonium sulfate fractions) of races 0 and 1 diluted to 200-fold less than that found in race 3 still exhibited the transferase function. Data show both qualitative and quantitative differences in hydrolytic and transferase activities of invertase from three physiologic races ofP. parasiticavar.nicotianae.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021243

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYCell-free culture filtrates ofPhymatotrichum fimicola, P. fungicolaandP. omnivorum, grown on different carbon sources, were assayed for extracellular cellulases. In all three, cellulase synthesis was higher in carboxymethylcellulose media than in cellobiose media.Phymatotrichum omnivorumcould not degrade filter paper whereas the other two fungi could. Most likely,P. omnivorumsynthesized the Cxbut not the C1enzyme, andP. fimicolaandP. fungicolasynthesized both enzymes inductively. This concords with our earlier finding thatP. fimicolaandP. fungicolawere physiologically the same but morphologically different. In contrast,P. omnivorumdiffered from the other two species both morphologically and physiologically. All other properties of the cellulase system of the species ofPhymatotrichumare identical to those of other mesophilic fungi.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021244

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThis study demonstrates that the aecial and telial haustoria of the autoecious rustPuccinia podophylliproduced in spongy-mesophyll leaf cells ofPodophyllum peltatumare morphologically different from one another. The major differences are as follows: 1) the diam of the aecial hautorium at the site of host wall penetration is greater than that of the telial haus- torium; 2) the aecial haustorium is hyphal in appearance while the telial haustorium possesses a slender neck region with a darkly staining neck band and a lobed haustorial body; 3) the aecial haustorium characteristically possesses a septum near its proximal end while such a septum is absent from the telial haustorium; 4) a collar of host-cell-wall material surrounds the proximal end of the aecial haustorium but is absent from the telial haustorium.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021245

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1980

数据来源: Taylor