摘要:

SUMMARYThe high germinability of some of the species studied suggests that others in which germination has not been attempted or demonstrated may be equally germinable. Attempts to germinate some species, however, have been unsuccessful.Chilling was required to trigger germination in northern collections of some species, but not in others. Early attempts to germinate fresh teliospores mostly resulted in meager or no germination in species later shown to require chilling. After breaking dormancy by chilling, teliospores germinated readily at room temperature. Chilling was not required to germinate southern collections.Compounds reported to stimulate or trigger spore germination in other fungi and slime molds were generally ineffective.Teliospore germination was demonstrated and/or corroborated in a number of smut fungi from western United States.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018565

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe inhibitory effects of light on the development ofGonatobotryum fuscumon its host,Graphiumsp., has been attributed to the destruction by light of vitamin B6, which is required for growth and other metabolic activities of the host. Pre-inoculation exposure of 4 days at 300 ft-c of white light rendered the medium unsatisfactory for growth of the parasite on its host, even in darkness, unless Bo was again added. A higher concentration of B6is required for development of the parasite than for growth of the host. However, the addition of biotin, which has no visible effect on growth ofGraphiumsp., allows the development of the parasite on its host, even on media having a low concentration of B6. The conclusion is reached that biotin is essential for the synthesis by the host of a nutrient required by the parasite. UsingSordaria fimicolaas an assay fungus, it was shown that the amount of biotin synthesized byGraphiumsp. was correlated with the amount of B6in the medium. Evidence is presented thatG. fuscumsynthesizes and excretes vitamin B6.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018566

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYHigher marine fungi, predominantly from mangrove habitats, were examined. More than half of the species occurred on pneumatophores or roots ofAvicenniaor on seedlings or proproots ofRhizophora.The others were found on pilings, driftwood, or their spores were found in foam on the seashore. Collections were mainly made in Liberia and Mexico; others came from Fiji, Florida, India, Mozambique, Pago Pago, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, and the Virgin Islands. All species are reported for the first time from these localities and represent 13 Ascomycetes (belonging to the generaCorollospora, Didymosphaeria, Haligena, Halosphaeria, Keissleriella, Leptosphaeria, Lulworthia, Mycosphaerella, Paraliomyces, Remispora, Torpedospora)and 7 Deuteromycetes (Cirrenalia, Clavariopsis, Culcitalna, Humicola,“Phoma”).A new combinationRemispora salinais proposed and two new species ofCirrenaliaare described.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018567

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo new saprophytic species ofAphanomycopsis, A. saprophyticusandA. punctatus, from Oceania soils are characterized by extensive, branched, occasionally septate mycelia, undifferentiated cylindrical, simple or branched sporangia, primary zoospores which glide out of the sporangia and encyst at the exit orifice as inAphanomyces, motile diplanetic secondary zoospores, and by asexual resting spores which develop in swellings or vesicles in the mycelia.The genusAphanomycopsisis emended to include such species and placed in the family Saprolegniaceae nearAphanomyces.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018568

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYWhen maintained at high pressure (50-75 atm) the rate of violent spore discharge from cultures ofSordaria fimicolaandEntomophthora coronatais not significantly altered, but withSchizophyllum communeit is reduced to a level close to zero. This is consistent with the view that the ballistospores (basidiospores) ofSchizophyllumare discharged by a bubble-bursting mechanism. A bubble at the hilar appendix could hardly be blown against the high pressures used. These experiments support Olive's theory of ballistospore discharge.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018569

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe surface structures of 10 species ofPenicilliumconidia were studied and compared using the freeze-etching technique. The conidia of all species studied were shown to have an outer layer made up of“rodlets”which formed distinctive patterns. The patterns formed by these“rodlets”were species specific and therefore may have some taxonomic value. Variation was also noted between spores within species and the possible influence of heterokaryosis or the parasexual cycle or both on this variation in“rodlet”pattern is discussed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018570

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYForages are often subjected to fungus growth both in storage and in the field and, therefore, may be contaminated with aflatoxin. Aflatoxin-producing strains ofAspergillus flavuswere used to inoculate flasks containing moistened forages. The fungus grew well, causing considerable disintegration of the plant material. The fermented forages were extracted with chloroform for assay, and impurities were removed from extract residues by precipitation from 70% acetone solutions with lead acetate and with hexane from chloroform solutions. Partially purified extracts were chromatographed on thin-layer plates and quantities of aflatoxin determined with a recording densitometer. All forages at 6 days showed the presence of aflatoxin, except red clover and alfalfa. All strains formed aflatoxin on timothy, sweet clover, and oat straw. Aflatoxin B1was produced at levels of 18–52μg/g by NRRL 3145 on sweet clover and oat straw. The highest total aflatoxin (170μg/g) was on oat straw fermented with NRRL 3145, as well as the highest yields of G1, 108μg. Results were confirmed with the duckling assay.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018571

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The genusEndogonehas been amended to include nonsporocarpic types. One new species,E. mosseae, with both endocarpic and ectocarpic chlamydospores, and two new varieties with only ectocarpic chlamydospores,E. macrocarpavar.calendoniaandE. macrocarpavar.geospora, are described. Three new species that form only ectocarpic zygospores or azygospores,E. heterogama, E. giganteaandE. calospora, are described. The spores formed by these species have one large suspensor with a much smaller suspensor-like structure projecting from it to the spore. The zygosporic species also produce vesicles on coiled hyphae in soil surrounding plant roots. The three zygosporic species are distinctly different from any previously described species ofEndogone.All of the species and varieties form endotrophic mycorrhizae.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018572

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYA new species ofPiptocephalis, P. brijmohanii, has been described. It forms 2-spored, sometimes 3-spored, rarely 1-spored, merosporangia. The spores are comparatively large, bluntly tapering at one end and flat to convex at the joining end. It is homothallic and produces few zygospores.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018573

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYPlasmodia of 10 myxomycete isolates, order Physarales, were subjected to electrophoresis in starch gel medium and subsequently stained for each of four enzymes: nonspecific esterase, malate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and leucyl aryl amidase (leucine amino peptidase). The location and intensity of isozyme bands in the esterase and malate dehydrogenase patterns proved specific for each isolate tested. Bands in the amidase and acid phosphatase patterns were not specific for each isolate.Physarella oblongaandPhysarum gyrosumshared identically placed esterase bands of differing intensity. Isoenzyme patterns of esterase or malate dehydrogenase, alone or combined with other enzyme patterns, appear useful as taxonomic criteria.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1968.12018574

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1968

数据来源: Taylor