ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025468

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025469

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTLoramycesis a genus of freshwater Ascomycetes with two known species,L. juncicolaandL. macrospora.Developmental and morphological studies show thatLoramycesis best placed in the Helotiales, although it is usually classified in the Sphaeriales.Loramycesshows many adaptations to its exclusively aquatic environment, which have led to the difficulties in classification. The ascoma, which is surrounded by excipular hyphae at maturity, is wide open when immature. In mature ascomata, both the structure of the excipulum and of the paraphyses suggest affinity with the Helotiales. Ascus and ascospore characters are not comparable with those of any other genera and these features, in combination with the excipular characters, are such that the genus cannot be accommodated in any existing family, requiring that the family Loramycetaceae be validated for placement in the Helotiales. The anamorph ofLoramyces juncicola, here referred to the form-genusAnguillospora, is described.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025470

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTThree new species ofSmittium(Harpellales) are described from the hindguts of dipteran larvae collected near Gothic, Colorado.Smittium perforatum, from Chironomidae, is the second species of the genus known to penetrate the gut cuticle.Smittium coloradensewas dissected from chironomids and possibly from simuliids. Tipulid larvae are the hosts forS. tipulidarum, which was cultured axenically. The range ofS. pusillumandS. typhellumis extended from France to the United States.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025471

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTThree arguments are presented to defend the use of the nameAgaricus brunnescensinstead ofA. bisporusfor the cultivatedAgaricus: 1) The namesA. brunnescens(described in 1900) andA. bisporus(described in 1926) were originally applied to the same species; 2) a fresh collection recently made in Toronto, Ontario, is conspecific withA. brunnescens; 3) the Toronto collection is genetically and taxonomically inseparable from the cultivatedAgaricus.Arguments are supported by evidence from the literature, examination of authentic herbarium material and by nuclear and mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment analyses.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025472

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTSingle-spore isolates were made from 13 collections ofAuricularia cornea, A. polytricha, andA. tenuiscollected from a variety of hardwoods from the islands of Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Molokai, and Hawaii in Hawaii. Intracollection crosses demonstrated that all species were bifactorial; however, unlike most bifactorial species of the homobasidiomycetes, nuclear migration was not detected and mycelia with false clamps (i.e., A≠B=) were stable. Twenty A factors and 14 B factors were identified from the 13 collections. Intersterile populations associated with substrate and/or collection sites were not observed. All collections were interfertile, and basidiocarps derived from inter- and intracollection crosses were referable only toA. polytricha.Microscopic studies of tissue zones in basidiocarp sections were found to be more variable than most published accounts. Based on the results of the intercollection matings, fruiting studies, and microscopic examinations of the 13 collections used in this study, as well as herbarium specimens examined, it is concluded that the three species studied are synonymous and thatAuricularia corneais the correct name.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025473

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTSepta ofEremothecium ashbyiiare complete crosswalls (not plugs) and develop by centripetal growth of the hyphal wall. The structure and behavior of spindle pole bodies appear very similar to those of other hemiascomycetous yeasts. Nuclear divisions within spore sacs appear to be uninuclear meiotic divisions. Spore-delimiting membranes develop around individual lobes of dividing nuclei. Wall material forms between the spore-delimiting membranes and consists of an inner light primary layer and an outer dense secondary layer. Spore sacs ofE. ashbyiiare interpreted as true hemiasci.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025474

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTA new synthetic medium was developed for the production of submerged mycelial cultures ofLentinus edodes.Glucose and ammonium chloride were the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The remaining ingredients in the medium were calcium chloride, aspartic acid, thiamine, magnesium sulphate and trace elements (Mn, Zn and Fe). The threshold level in the dry weight of mycelium was reached at an inoculum concentration of 9.9 mg/ml and was maintained through 16.5 mg/ml. The size of mycelial pellet was inversely related to the level of inoculum. Similar relationships were obtained between mycelial growth and mycelial pellet and shaking frequencies from 50–200 rpm. Optimum growth occurred at pH 4.3-4.8 and at temperatures 20–25 C. Mycelial growth in the new synthetic medium was increased five-fold by using an airlift fermentor instead of shaking. The number of days to the appearance of the first flush of sporophores was reduced by 45 da by using liquid spawn. An important difference between the ultrastructure of cells of the agar-grown filamentous hyphae and those of mycelial pellets in submerged culture is that paramural bodies were prominent in the former.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025475

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTA hypothesis is presented to explain the mechanism of action of the gun cell ofHaptoglossa mirabilis.It is suggested that the gun cell is activated by mechanical breaking of a line of weakness which dislodges the plug in the bore. The tubular system inside the cell everts, like the finger of a glove, from the fixed end at the muzzle. The basal vacuole takes in water and expands pushing the protoplasmic contents of the cell up the everted tube. The apical portion of the everted tube, containing reserve wall material, expands to accommodate the protoplasmic contents of the cell. The swollen apical portion containing the protoplasmic contents of the gun cell breaks away from the everted tube to form the infective sporidium inside the host animal.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025476

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTCultures, identified initially asFusarium anthophilum, were obtained from soil and soil debris from the Markham Valley, Papua New Guinea; Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia; and Hluhluwe, Natal, Republic of South Africa. Subsequently, these cultures all produced chlamydospores on carnation leaf agar which excludes them from bothF. anthophilumandFusariumsectionLiseola.Other characteristics are presented to distinguish the new species,F. beomiforme, from two other recently described species of similar uncertain sectional affinity.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1987.12025477

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor