ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021318

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe taxonomic and nomenclatural histories ofSarcoxylonandEntonaemaare discussed.Sarcoxylonis considered to include the type species,S. compunctum, and the new speciesS. sinensis.Taxa of uncertain status—includingS. inflatum, S. atrum, Squamotubera leratii, Xylaria gigas, andXylocrea piriformis—are discussed.EntonaemaincludesE. cinnabarina, E. pallida, E. liquescens, and the new speciesE. dengiiandE. mollucana. Entonaema mesentericaandE. globosacould not be evaluated because satisfactory collections were not found. Other taxa discussed in some detail includeStromatoneurospora phoenix, Chromocreopis cubispora, Engleromyces goetzii, Wawelia regia, andCamarops spathulata.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021319

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYIsopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate (CIPC) is a commonly used herbicide which disrupts microtubule organization in plants. Because of this, CIPC and other mitotic inhibitors have been used extensively to create polyploid lines. This report is the first one on the use of CIPC to create polyploid clones in a myxomycete. These clones are particularly useful for studying apogamic development and the effects of myxamoebal mating-type heterozygosity. Two haploid myxamoebal clones ofDidymium iridiscarrying different mating types (A7and A8), but identical recessive plasmodial-color alleles (b2) were diploidized by treatment with CIPC and crossed to produce a 4N, cream-colored Plasmodium (wild-type is brown). Six of 23 F1myxamoebal progeny from this plasmodium did not form plasmodia in single-spore culture, whereas the remaining 17 did. The 17 diploid apogamic, plasmodium-forming clones were heterozygous for mating-type (A7A8), and all produced the expected cream-colored plasmodia. Five of the F1mating-type heterozygotes were crossed with CR 2–25, a 2N mating-type homozygote (A5A5), which carries wild-type color alleles (b2+b2+). In three of the five crosses, both brown and cream-colored plasmodia developed in the same plate. The 4N, brown-colored plasmodia were the result of mating between the two clones, whereas the 2N, cream-colored plasmodia developed apogamically. Both cream and brown-color alleles were recovered in the F2progeny derived from the 4N, brown-colored plasmodium.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021320

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe type materials ofTorula corticalisandT. bowdichiaeare not congeneric withTorulaas redefined. A new genusPseudaegeritais erected to accommodateT. corticalis.The new combinationXylohypha bowdichiaeis proposed. A collection disposed asTorula herbarumis instead a new species ofTaeniolina, T. deightonii.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021321

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo species formerly included in the genusDrechslern, D. hawaiiensisandD. australiensis, are transferred toBipolaris.Both species have bipolar conidium germination and produced the ascigerous state in Sachs agar medium with rice straw. They are disposed inPseudocochlioboluson the basis of their morphology.Pseudocochliobolus australiensisis described as a new species for the ascigerous state ofB. australiensis.Both species are heterothallic and the two mating types are governed by the same single-gene alleles.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021322

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo types of spherical or polyhedral virus-like particles approximately 33 and 44 nm in diam were found in morphologically unstable isolates ofAlternaria tenuis.In cell-free preparations made from freshly cultured mycelium, only the 33-nm particles were represented. The role of these particles in determining morphological instability and its apparent transmissibility from“diseased”to“healthy”isolates is still unknown.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021323

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYStudies on acetate uptake, oxygen consumption and respiratory quotients (RQ), and their relationship to the involvement of the TCA cycle are reported forGibberella zeae.Sporulating cultures showed a higher acetate and oxygen consumption than nonsporulating cultures presumably due to a higher oxygen supply and higher TCA cycle activity. From the respiratory quotient experiments, it was concluded that sporulating cultures utilized both biosynthetic and oxidative modes of the TCA cycle.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021324

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYMycorrhizal fungi were associated with citrus roots or soils in 78 of 79 orchards and nurseries in California and in 64 of 66 citrus orchards and nurseries in Florida.Glomus fasciculatus, G. macrocarpus, G. etunicatus, G. constrictus, andSclerocystis sinuosawere present in both states. In addition,G. microcarpusandG. monosporuswere found in California.Gigaspora margaritaand G.mosseaewere associated with citrus in Florida but not in California.Glomus fasciculatuswas consistently associated with young trees (0-30 yr), whereasG. constrictuswas consistently associated with older trees (30-70 yr). Total numbers of mycorrhizal chlamydospores associated with citrus in California were negatively correlated with soil P and organic matter, but were positively correlated with soil Na andpH.Glomus macrocarpuswas more frequently found in California citrus soils of high P content than wasG. microcarpus, andG. monosporusappeared to inhabit soils of higher B, Ca + Mg, or salinity than several other mycorrhizal fungi. In California, chlamydospores of bothG. fasciculatusandG. constrictuswere most numerous from November to May and least numerous from June to September.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021325

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYThe spores of 25 taxa of agarics in the Tricholomataceae were studied with use of the scanning-electron microscope and a variation of surfaces is illustrated. Except forMelanoleuca robinsoniae, the species studied have been placed inClitocybeand/orLepistaby various investigators, but the results yield additional evidence of a continuum between the two genera. The characteristics ofMelanoleuca(Tricholoma)robinsoniaeproved to be those of aClitocybealso, and the new nameClitocybe celatais proposed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021326

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

SUMMARYFive ericoid mycorrhizal fungi were cultured on acidified potato-dextrose agar with or without the mycophagous nematodeAphelenchoides bicaudatus.Nematode parasitism destroyed aerial hyphae and limited growth of all isolates to one-half to two-thirds the mycelial areas of nonparasitized mycelia. Hyphal fragmentation was also evident. Results suggest that parasitism of endomycorrhizal fungi by mycophagous nematodes restricts mycorrhizal development and may limit nutrient uptake by mycorrhizal host plants.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1981.12021327

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1981

数据来源: Taylor