ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025490

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025491

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTFungal fruitbodies occurring on or in fossil leaves from a Miocene lake bed near Clarkia, Idaho, are documented and their ecological implications discussed. The epiphyllous mycoflora is limited to hyphopodiate mycelium and a plurivorous species of hemisphaerialean thyrothecium. Immersed fruit-bodies occur on most of the leaves examined. A diversity of host-specific forms are represented. None contain spores, suggesting either that the fruitbodies are immature or that the spores that they contained were hyaline and thin-walled, and thus unlikely to survive fossilization and extraction. These observations are consistent with a temperate, predominantly deciduous flora with early colonization of senescent leaves by pycnidial fungi.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025492

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTA new species,Ceratocystiopsis proteae, collected from insect-infestedProtea repensis described.Knoxdaviesia, a new genus of dematiaceous hyphomycetes is described to accommodate the anamorph ofC. proteae. Ceratocystiopsis proteaeshares characteristics ofCeratocystis sensu stricto(cycloheximide sensitivity),Ceratocystiopsis(falcate ascopores) andOphiostoma(relatively long perithecial necks, divergent ostiolar hyphae and an anamorph with holoblastic conidium development) but is currently best accommodated inCeratocystiopsis. Knoxdaviesia proteaesuperficially resembles the hyphomycete generaLeptographiumandStachybotrys.This is the first species of Ophiostomataceae described from an indigenous plant in southern Africa and its relationship with other Ophiostomataceae is discussed.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025493

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn vitrohyphal interactions of 25 species of leaf- and/or wood-inhabiting aquatic hyphomycetes and ascomycetes were characterized. In 96.9% of the interactions, growth of one or both of the members of an interacting pair was inhibited to some degree; stimulation of growth did not occur. Fungi could be distributed along gradients according to their ability to inhibit or resist inhibition. Generally, wood-inhabiting species were more inhibitory and resistant to inhibition than leaf-inhabiting species. When species rankings of ability to inhibit and resist inhibition were summed to give an interaction index, wood-inhabiting species ranked above leaf-inhabiting species. Early colonists on wood were exceptions to this pattern. Eight species produced zones of inhibition suggesting that they produce diffusible antifungal substances.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025494

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTSeveral lipid components from teliospores of the dwarf bunt fungus,Tilletia controversa, inhibited teliospore germination and sporidial formation in the common bunt fungus,Tilletia caries.A crude fatty acid mixture and a purified linoleic acid preparation appeared to be the most inhibitory components in the extracts obtained from the spores ofT. controversa.Inhibition of teliospore germination by crude fatty acid preparations increased after they were treated with lipoxidase. Both the nature and degree of inhibition of spore germination and sporidial formation by pure linoleic acid were similar to that caused by the linoleic acid purified from extracts ofT. controversa.Linoleic acid changed chemically under the bioassay conditions to yield several other substances that were probably oxidation products of the unsaturated fatty acid. Of the 12 pure fatty acids tested, polyunsaturated fatty acids were the most inhibitory. Exogenous lipids occur in bunt balls ofT. controversaandT. caries, mainly as triglycerides with some free fatty acids present. These exogenous triglycerides were 64% linoleic acid, but were only slightly inhibitory even when treated with lipoxidase; however, after the triglycerides were treated with lipase to release free fatty acids, the inhibition of the reaction products increased dramatically. The exogenous lipids were more abundant on spores ofT. controversathan onT. cariesspores, and they may play an important role in extending the germination time of aT. controversaspore population in the field.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025495

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025496

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTType specimens of neotropicalAustroboletusspecies have been examined, andA. trinatatensisis proposed as new. Scanning electron micrographs of basidiospores of these species are presented.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025497

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTConcentrations of cellular fatty acids, proteins and nitrogen and activities of phosphatases were measured in mycelia ofEndogone pisiformisgrown in liquid culture for 4, 7, 14 and 25 days. All of these parameters varied with culture age. Concentrations of total fatty acids and soluble proteins were highest at 4 days of growth (early log phase) and decreased at 7, 14 and 25 days. Nitrogen concentration increased only at 25 days of growth. The activities of phosphatases varied significantly with the pH of the enzyme and with culture age. Alkaline phosphatase activity significantly increased to a maximum at 7 days of growth (late log phase) and progressively decreased thereafter, while the activity of acid phosphatase remained unaltered at all times. The protein pattern obtained from a one-dimensional electrophoretic gel revealed the presence of five major bands at 41.5, 35.5, 21.5, 18.5, 17.2 and 12.8 kD, the position of which did not vary with culture age. The concentrations of fatty acids 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:3 (Δ6,9,12) and 19:0 varied significantly in different lipid classes and with days of growth. The occurrence of both isomers of linolenic acid (18:3Δ6,9,12and 18:3Δ6,9,12) in mycelia ofE. pisiformisis the third report of their common co-occurrence in members of the Endogonaceae.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025498

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwo new genera,AmylobasidiumandThujacorticium, and five new species(Amylobasidium tsugae, Botryobasidium subalbidum, Gloiodon occidentale, Sistotrema populicolaandThujacorticium mirabile)are described from North America.

ISSN:0027-5514    

DOI:10.1080/00275514.1988.12025499

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor