ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371695

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Life cycle studies showed that anthurium thrips,Chaetanaphothrips orchidii(Moulton) developed from egg to adult in 27.4 days. Studies confirmed that second‐instar nymphs migrated off the host plant and pupated in the media below. Insecticide granules wereveryeffective in decreasing thrips‐injured flowers for 5 months. Aldicarb 10G and disulfoton 15G were most effective, followed by chlorpyrifos 2G and oxamyl 10G, respectively. As foliar sprays, bifenthrin 10W.P, cyfluthrin 2.0E.C and chlorpyrifos 1.0M.E were also effective in reducing thrips‐injured flowers; however, control did not persist after the last insecticide application. This study suggests the use of granular insecticides at 5‐month intervals or foliar sprays at 2‐week intervals to reduce anthurium thrips below economic injury levels in a pest management strategy.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371696

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Insecticides effective against pests of red ginger were identified. Disulfoton 15G and foliar applications of chlorpyrifos DF significantly reduced ants, banana aphids, and mealybugs. Foliar applications of acephate 75S.P, fluvalinate 2F and cyfluthrin 2E.C significantly reduced banana aphids and soft scales. As an insecticide barrier treatment, chlorpyrifos 20M.E.C totally eliminated ants and mealybugs. This study suggests the use of foliar insecticide sprays and/or insecticide barrier treatment to reduce insect pests of red ginger.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371697

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One to five grams of dry ground castor leaves,Ricinus communismixed with 300 g cowpea seeds, achieved mortality up to 100% in 7 days. After 48 h only 20% mortality was recorded with 5 g. The grains were protected from damage for more than 3 months. However, little energy was involved in collecting, drying and grinding sufficient quantities of leaves required for the experiment.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371698

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Damage is caused byOdontotermes obesus(Rambur) andMicrotermes obesiHolmgren to perennial pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan(L.) Millsp.) in south India.O. obesusattacked the root, stem and some branches under an earthen sheet.M. obesidamaged the root and pith, making irregular, soil‐filled cavities, which were indicated by cracked bark near the stem base. The two species were sometimes associated. Termite damage increased after the rainy season until the end of summer. 2‐year‐old plants were killed by the combined effects of root disease, termite attack and drought.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371699

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The African rice gall midge,Orseolia oryzivoraHarris and Gagné has become one of the major biotic constraints to rice production in Nigeria. A survey of gall midge distribution in Nigeria showed that the pest was common in the savannah and forest zones on rice grown under lowland ecologies. Endemic areas were identified which could serve as ‘hot spots’ for varietal screening. Indigenous parasitoids of the pest were identified as:Platygaster diplosisaeRisbec,Aprostocetus pachydiplosisaeRisbec andAphanogmusspp. The dominant parasitoid was, however,P. diplosisae.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371700

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Insecticidal dips were evaluated as a postharvest treatment to eliminate insects from tropical cut flowers and foliage before shipment. Among candidate insecticides, a combination dip for at least 5 min of an insecticidal soap composed of potassium salts of fatty acids (0.98% active ingredient) with fluvalinate (0.023% active ingredient) was the most effective against pest insects, but rinsing flowers with water immediately after dipping reduced efficacy. No phytotoxicity was observed when this dip was used at double concentration for most cut flowers and foliages, but damage was obvious for cycads, orchid flowers and some anthurium cultivars.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371701

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

When tomato plants were vertically divided into three parts, damage byHelicoverpa armigera(Hubner) was regularly distributed in the dry season but significantly less damage was found at the top of the plant during the rainy season. The spatial distribution of damage in fields was studied by using Iwao's patchiness regression technique. Fruit damage was highly aggregated with a stabilization of this pattern with increased injury level. A sequential sampling plan, using 3% fruit damage per plant as an economic threshold, was prepared to evaluate damage prior to insecticide treatment. A maximum of 21 plants was needed when the damage level was at or near the economic threshold with this sampling plan.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371702

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The distribution ofLiriomyzaspp. leafminer larvae on upper and lower surfaces of leaves at different nodes of main, lateral and sublateral stems were observed during two seasons on 0.4 ha experimental plots of tomato. The data indicate that the upper surface of the terminal three leaflets of the 7th leaf from the top of any stem may be used as a sample for evaluating densities of living or dead leafminer larvae. The relationship between the proportion of infested leaf samples and the number of larvae present was described by the equationY= 1 ‐ e−0692x. This relationship was validated in seven commercial fields of fresh market tomatoes.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371703

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Five experiments were conducted during 1989 to determine the effect of palm and groundnut oils on oviposition, emergence and longevity of adultCallosobruchus maculatusF. infesting cowpea, and on germination of the cowpea seed. Effect of olive oil on longevity of the weevil was also tested. The results indicated significant reductions in oviposition, progeny emergence and longevity by a single application of groundnut oil or palm oil at 2.5–30 ml/kg seed. Olive oil also reduced adult longevity. The longest adultC. maculatussurvivors died at about five days on oil‐treated cowpea and at 7–8 days on untreated cowpea seed. Mean adult longevity ranged from 2.2 to 2.7 days for insects in treated seeds compared with 3.1–3.8 days for those in untreated cowpea seed. The adult emergence pattern suggested the need for repeated applications for prolonged protection of cowpea grain. Cost‐benefit ratios of 0.013, 0.031 and 0.279 for palm, groundnut and olive oils, respectively, indicated that use of the oils against the weevil was economic.

ISSN:0143-6147    

DOI:10.1080/09670879209371704

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor