摘要:

A core curriculum with options, or special study modules, is a response to the major problem of content overload. Mastery of the core, which may cover knowledge, skills and attitudes, ensures the maintenance of standards: the options or SSMs (special study modules) allow in-depth work and the achievement of higher-level competences, such as critical thinking. Students, encouraged to take more responsibility for their own learning, can choose the subjects they study. The core curriculum can be specified in various ways. This is the responsibility of teachers, of subject specialists, the medical profession more generally, and of the public. An SSM may entail a more detailed study of part of the core, where the student has already acquired prerequisite basic knowledge or skills. An SSM may cover a medically or clinically related topic, such as sports medicine and the locomotor system. SSMs can be completely unrelated to the core and indeed to medicine, e.g. studying a foreign language. Options or special study modules may be: integrated in the core teaching; concurrent with core teaching, in time set aside for the purpose; in intermittent blocks of time during the course, allocated for the purpose; or sequential, with an option block arranged to follow each core block. The sequential approach offers many advantages. Time for SSMs is protected from encroachment by the core. It makes possible an‘assessment-to-a-standard’approach. This ensures that all students master the core and allows for the different times it may take students to do so. Any disadvantages of introducing a core curriculum with options or special study modules are greatly outweighed by advantages, both for students and teachers. The core and options concept is one of the most significant current advances in medical education.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008301

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008302

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A common method of presenting cases is to provide a passive audience with patient information that has been analyzed and synthesized and with all conclusions drawn so that the audience is not required to think or participate in any way. This paper presents 12 tips for a more active and interesting method which follows the line of reasoning in which clinicians engage. Each step is followed by an example taken from a real case presentation given by a psychiatry resident.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008303

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

As hospital-based medicine becomes increasingly focused on the care of severely ill patients, new models of teaching in the outpatient setting must be sought. This paper describes such a new approach: the simulated surgical office (SSO). The SSO has three essential features: first, the use of standardized patients (SPs); second, the use of a problem-based learning (PBL) approach; third, the process of longitudinal follow-up. The SSO curriculum is delivered over a four-week period. Week one comprises five SP-based encounters in an office environment. Week two is a PBL session using those five problems. In week three the SPs return with individualized presentations dependent on the management planned by the student in session one. Session four is a second PBL session focusing on the results of treatment and patient outcomes. A pilot project involving six clinical clerks was conducted. Students, as assessed by SPs, showed growth in clinical competence throughout the course. The students judged the SSO to be realistic, important and challenging.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008304

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The aim of this study was to determine whether, through the process of action research, an appropriate assertion skills programme could improve the assertion skills of student radiographers. Fifty-three students at the Southampton School of Radiography participated in the study over a period of 3 years by completing self-report assertion inventories and evaluation exercises prior to, and on completion of, the programme. Self-report assertion inventory scores revealed that after the programme students had improved their assertion skills, and this was particularly evident when the performance of individual students was analysed. Students also evaluated the programme as being a very enjoyable and worthwhile experience.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008305

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The need for a cooperative approach to the development of continuing medical education (CME) in the Caribbean has been appreciated by various partners in the field. Recent, ongoing and projected activities in this area are described. In particular, a continuing medical education programme for general practitioners on patient education in diabetes mellitus was piloted by the Caribbean College of Family Physicians at the University of the West Indies Faculty of Medical Sciences in Trinidad. Outcomes indicate that the participants adopted some responsibility for educating key target audiences about the nature of diabetes.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008306

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Many professions participate in various forms of in-service training and education, often known as professional development. The physiotherapy profession is no exception and recently the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy launched the initiative Physiotherapy Access to Continuing Education. The focus of this report was to identify the possible involvement of the Institution of Higher Education. The research also attempts to identify attitudes towards continuing professional education and any deterrents to such a commitment. The methodology used was questionnaire survey of a sample of practising physiotherapists and semi-structured interviews with service managers. The conclusions were that attitudes to continuing professional education within the profession are very positive, the major deterrent being a financial constraint from the manager's point of view. Recommendations are made for the supporting role of the Institution of Higher Education in supporting continuing education in the physiotherapy profession.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008307

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Previous studies have indicated the importance of students' active involvement in clinical learning. The present study examined medical students' active participation in clinical clerkships as related to their ratings of clerkship experiences. The general hypothesis is that students' perception of being active in the clerkship will be positively related to their experience with attendings and residents and to their overall satisfaction with their clerkship experience. This hypothesis was examined in teaching rounds, work rounds and in conferences, and was confirmed in the study. Future study may be needed to explore specific approaches to bring students into an active process in different clinical learning settings.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008308

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper describes an approach to evaluation which provides a practical and systematic framework for assessing educational and clinical programs. It encourages medical educators and clinicians to consider academic dissemination (e.g. presentations and publications), product development (e.g. training materials, workshops and learning resource packages), and implementation (e.g. maintained at the original site, replicated or adapted elsewhere) as three primary outcomes when evaluating programs. Measurements of impact for each of these primary outcomes are identified which usually involve a number count of participants, users or sites. Finally, measurements of impact of three possible secondary outcomes that focus on education, clinical service and administration are outlined. This paper applies the outcomes of problem-based learning to the model's framework and discusses how medical educators and clinicians can use this model to conduct evaluations of their own initiatives and programs.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008309

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A survey of newly qualified pre-registration house officers was performed to determine the source and timing of any instruction received on prescribing for pain control. The findings revealed an absence of teaching for many house officers, either as undergraduates or whilst in post. There is a need to broaden the scope of teaching to focus more on the practical aspects of prescribing analgesics.

ISSN:0142-159X    

DOI:10.3109/01421599509008310

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor