ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01380.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cardiopulmonary effects of laparoscopic surgery were investigated in five crossbred dogs (21 ± 1.9 kg). Premedicated dogs were anesthetized with thiopental and maintained with halothane at 1.5 times minimum alveolar concentration in oxygen. Controlled ventilation maintained partial pressure of end‐tidal co2at 40 ± 2 mm Hg. Vecuronium was used for skeletal muscle relaxation. After instrumentation and stabilization, baseline measurements were made of cardiac output (thermodilution technique), mean systemic, mean pulmonary arterial and pulmonary wedge pressures, heart rate, saphenous vein and central venous pressures, and minute ventilation. Baseline arterial and mixed venous blood samples were drawn for analysis of pH, Pao2, Paco2, Pvo2, Pvco2, and bicarbonate concentrations. Systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances, oxygen delivery and consumption, shunt fraction, and dead space ventilation were calculated using standard formulas. Abdominal insufflation using co2to a pressure of 15 mm Hg for 180 minutes resulted in significant (P<.05) increases in heart rate (15 to 180 minutes), minute ventilation (75 to 135 minutes), and saphenous vein pressure (15 to 180 minutes), and decreases in pH (60 to 180 minutes) and Pao2(60 to 180 minutes). For 30 minutes after desufflation, there was a significant decrease in Pao2, and increases in cardiac output, o2delivery, and heart rate, compared with baseline. There was a significant increase in shunt fraction and decrease in pH at 15 minutes after desufflation only. The changes were within physiologically acceptable limits in these healthy, ventilated d

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01381.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the analgesic efficacy of bupivacaine, morphine, or saline (control) when injected epidurally into the lumbosacral epidural space in goats after abdominal surgery. Goats received either bupivacaine (0.5%; 1.5 mg/kg in 0.9% sodium chloride solution), 0.9% sodium chloride solution (0.2 mL/kg), or preservative‐free morphine (0.1 mg/kg). Total volume injected into the epidural space was 0.2 mL/kg for all groups. The variables evaluated were times to extubation, sternal recumbency, standing, and eating; heart and respiratory rates; and pain score. Only two of the goats in the bupivacaine group were able to stand on their hindlimbs before 6 hours. Time to eating was shorter for the saline group when compared with the bupivacaine group. Heart rate over all time in the saline group (137 ± 4 beats/min, mean ± SEM) was higher than the morphine (125 ± 3 beats/min) and bupivacaine groups (121 ± 3 beats/min). Respiratory rate over all time was increased in the saline group (26 ± 1 breaths/min) compared with the bupivacaine (24 ± 1 breaths/min) or morphine (24 ± 1 breaths/min) groups. At 50 minutes, the pain score for the saline group was higher than the morphine group. Pain score over all time in the saline group (1.5 ± 0.10) was higher than the morphine (1.2 ± 0.07) and bupivacaine (1.2 ± 0.04) groups. One goat in the saline group required two intravenous injections of flunixin meglumi

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01382.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Selected metabolites, hormones and cardiovascular variables were measured in halothane anesthetized horses during 1 hour of dopamine infusion at a rate of 5 μg/kg/min (low) and 10 μg/kg/min (high), and for 1 hour after infusion. Plasma Cortisol increased twofold in the low‐infusion group but did not change significantly in the high‐infusion group. Plasma nonesterified fatty acids, blood glucose, blood lactate, and plasma insulin increased in the high‐infusion group. There was little difference in heart rate, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure between the two groups. The high infusion was associated with arrhythmias in several horses, and one horse showed ventricular fibrillation and died. If metabolic and hormonal changes are used as markers of a “stress response” in anesthetized horses the results must be carefully interpreted if a sympathomimetic agent such as dopamine is administered to maintain cardiovascula

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY