摘要:

Peritonitis was induced in 12 horses by median celiotomy and 1 hour of small intestinal ischemia. Six horses had primary closure of the incision, whereas six horses had a plastic mesh sutured to the ventral abdominal wall leaving the abdomen open for ventral drainage. The mesh was removed after 5 days and the abdominal wall was closed by apposition of the linea alba and subcutaneous tissues and approximation of the skin edges. Peritoneal fluid was collected and analyzed for nucleated cell count and total protein concentration on days 0 and 5. Serum biochemical profiles, serum electrolyte concentrations, and complete blood counts were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, and 14. Body weight, rectal temperature, and physical examination findings were recorded daily for 30 days, then horses were euthanatized and the abdominal cavity was examined for the presence of adhesions. Histological examination was performed to assess the inflammatory response of the healing body wall; inflammation scores were significantly lower in horses that had primary closure of the incision. The mesh was well tolerated by all horses and allowed egress of peritoneal fluid for 5 days. Adhesions were present in four control horses and in two horses that had open peritoneal drainage. All horses that had open drainage developed incisional infections after mesh removal. Abdominal wall herniation did not occur in any of the horses. The mild peritonitis induced in this study was insufficient to establish the efficacy of open peritoneal drainage for an established peritonitis in horses; however, the results of this study indicate that open peritoneal drainage is feasible in horses.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Equine synovial fluid aliquots were inoculated withSalmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Actinobacillus equuli, Staphylococcus aureus, andStreptococcus zooepidemicusto obtain approximate concentrations of 1000, 100, 10, and 1 colony forming U/mL. Synovial fluid aliquots were also inoculated with an unquantitated inoculum ofBacteroides fragilisandClostridium perfringens.Inoculated synovial fluid was incubated in trypticase‐soy broth or Columbia broth for approximately 12 hours. Then aliquots were removed for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for detection of a 531 base‐pair segment of bacterial DNA corresponding to a region of the 16S ribosomal gene. Duplicate samples of inoculated synovial fluid were prepared for microbial culture. Bacteria were detected in all samples inoculated with bacteria but not in control synovial fluid samples. Under experimental conditions there was no difference between microbial culture and PCR analyses for detection of bacteria. Experimentally, PCR was able to detect bacteria in synovial fluid within 24 hours of inoculat

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Medical records, radiographs, and sonograms of 63 horses with metacarpophalangeal joint synovial pad proliferation were examined retrospectively. All horses had lameness, joint effusion, or both signs associated with one or both metacarpophalangeal joints. Bony remodeling and concavity of the distodorsal aspect of the third metacarpal bone (Mc3) just proximal to the metacarpal condyles was identified by radiography in 71 joints (93%); 24 joints (32%) had radiographic evidence of a chip fracture located at the proximal dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanx. Fifty‐four joints (71%) were examined by ultrasound. The mean ± SD sagittal thickness of the synovial pad was 11.3 ± 2.8 mm. Seventy‐nine percent of the horses had single joint involvement with equal distribution between the right and left forelimbs. Sixty‐eight joints in 55 horses were treated by arthroscopic surgery. Sixty joints (88%) had debridement of chondral or osteochondral fragmentation from the dorsal surface of Mc3 beneath the synovial pad and 30 joints (44%) had a bone chip fracture removed from the medial or lateral proximal dorsal eminence of the proximal phalanx. Complete or partial excision of both medial and lateral synovial pads was completed in 42 joints. Only the medial synovial pad was excised or trimmed in 21 joints, and 5 joints had only the lateral pad removed. Eight joints in eight horses were treated by stall rest, administration of intra‐articular medication and systemic nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Follow‐up information was obtained for 50 horses treated surgically and for eight horses treated medically. Forty‐three (86%) that had surgery returned to racing; 34 (68%) raced at an equivalent or better level than before surgery. Three (38%) of the medically treated horses returned to racing; only one horse raced better than the preinjury level. Horses that returned to racing at a similar or equal level of performance were significantly younger in age than horses returning at a lower level or not racing (P≤.05). Overall, horses with synovial pad proliferation treated by arthroscopic surgery had a good prognosis for return to racing at a level equal or better t

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Closed fractures of the proximal aspect of the ulna were repaired in 10 horses younger than or equal to 6 months of age by application of a hook plate using a tension band principle. Ulnar fractures were classified as type 1A (2 horses), type 1B (4 horses), type 2 (1 horse), type 3 (1 horse), and type 4 (2 horses); all fractures had displacement of a proximal fragment. Complications were implant deformation (4 horses), screw pullout (1 horse), osseous sequestration (1 horse), ulnar fracture through a hole used to apply a tension device (1 horse), and metacarpophalangeal deformity associated with a displaced anconeal fragment (1 horse). Hook deformation was likely associated with failure to insert screws in all of the proximal holes of the plate and also in two horses, possibly with difficult recovery from anesthesia. Seven horses were discharged from the hospital and were being used for athletic activities. Insertion of the hook through the tendon of the triceps muscle and incorporation of the fragment within the hook can be used to effectively reduce and stabilize a fragment that might otherwise not hold screws.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fourteen interfragmentary orthopedic wire configurations were tested in torsion using a transverse fracture polyvinylchloride pipe model. These models included single and double Kirschner pins with and without orthopedic wire added to the configuration. The orthopedic wire was applied in either an encircling, figure‐of‐eight (skewer pin), or cruciate pattern. Double Kirschner pins were applied in a mono‐ or biplanar fashion. An external fixator model was also tested. Stiffness, yield load, safe load, and energy of absorption were measured and calculated for each model. Orthopedic wire added to any configuration increased stiffness. All single pin configurations with orthopedic wire and the external fixator had the highest stiffness. Two Kirschner pins had a higher torsional yield load and safe load than single pin configurations with or without orthopedic wire. The external fixator model had the highest torsional yield load, safe load and energy of absorption of all configurations tested. However, the external fixator was only significantly different in safe load from the 90° biplanar configurations with wire and the cross pin configuration with encircling wire. The 90° biplanar configurations with wire and the cross pin configuration with encircling wire were equally as effective as the external fixator model in yield load and energy of abs

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A simplified technique for laparoscopic gastropexy (group 1) was compared to belt‐loop gastropexy (group 2) in eight adult male dogs randomly divided into two groups of four dogs each. Our hypothesis was that a satisfactory laparoscopic gastropexy would approximate the strength and operative time required for belt‐loop gastropexy. Operative time, surgical complications, postoperative morbidity, gross and histological appearance, radiographic microvascularization, and maximal tensile strength were measured and compared between the two groups. All dogs recovered from surgery. No morbidity was associated with either procedure. The mean (±SD) duration of surgery was 69.75 ± 7.23 minutes for group 1 and 58.75 ± 7.63 minutes for group 2. Fifty days after surgery, the microvascular appearance of the gastropexy site was similar for both groups. Blood vessels were observed within each seromuscular flap but vascular ingrowth to the abdominal musculature was observed in only two dogs, one from each group. The maximum tensile strength at 50 days was 76.55 ± 22.78 for group 1 and 109.21 ± 22.29 N for group 2. Differences between surgical duration and maximum tensile strength were not statistically significant (P>.05). Histologically, all gastropexies consisted of an adhesion composed of dense fibrous connective tissue. The results of this study indicate that laparoscopic gastropexy provides a minimally invasive alternative to open abdominal prophylactic gastropexy

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Simultaneous chylothorax and chylous ascites related to intestinal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed in a 4‐year‐old spayed female dog. Palliative pleural and peritoneal drainage was accomplished by placement of fenestrated silastic sheeting into surgically created diaphragmatic defects, and implantation of a pleuro‐peritoneal venous shunt. The immediate postoperative period was complicated by acute renal failure secondary to postcaval thrombosis originating at the site of placement of the efferent pump catheter and extending to the level of the renal veins. Rapid resolution of this complication was accomplished with systemic anticoagulation. Clinical signs related to fluid accumulation resolved for 10 weeks after which acute decompensation occurred and the dog was euthanatized. Postmortem examination showed that reaccumulation of fluid was associated with migration of the efferent limb of the shunt from the caudal vena

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1996.tb01406.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY