摘要:

A nasotracheal catheter for measuring tracheal static pressure in exercising horses was designed according to aerodynamic engineering principles. Small ports near the end of the catheter transmitted pressure fluctuations to the recording apparatus. Accuracy was determined by the size, number, and location of pressure sensing holes on the catheter, and by the position of the catheter in the trachea. The catheter had adequate frequency response to 33 Hz, was insensitive to movement artifacts, was easily introduced, was tolerated well by horses, and resulted in small ventilatory impairment at maximal exertion.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The anatomy of the cervical part of the trapezius muscle and its dominant vascular supply, the prescapular branch of the superficial cervical artery, was studied by dissection and selective angiography of 16 canine cadavers. The prescapular branch of the superficial cervical artery supplies blood to the skin of the caudal half of the neck and the cervical part of the trapezius muscle and is a minor contributor to other muscles of the neck. In these dogs, the mean length of the vascular pedicles was 4.4 cm and the mean diameter was 1.0 mm. With this information, it is possible to design a broad musculocutaneous flap suitable for reconstructive microsurgery in dogs. The potential for successful incorporation of the scapular spine in such a flap remains uncertain.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A musculocutaneous flap based on the prescapular branch of the superficial cervical artery and including the cervical part of the trapezius muscle and overlying skin was transplanted over a defect created on the medial side of the contralateral tibia in four dogs by using microvascular technique. The donor and recipient sites in three dogs were examined clinically for 21 days, after which they were examined angiographically and histologically. All dogs were free of lameness by hour 48. Seromas formed at the donor site between days 7 and 15. One vascular pedicle was traumatized at hour 40, and the dog was euthanatized. Three flaps survived with minimal necrosis. Edema of the flaps was severe from days 5 to 11. Angiograms showed complete perfusion of the flaps, and survival was confirmed histologically. Esthetic appearance and function were good in one dog at month 7.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis with peak systolic pressure gradients of more than 60 mm Hg was treated by closed transventricular dilation in six young dogs. Peak systolic pressure gradients were measured by direct catheterization before surgery, immediately after dilation, and 3 months after surgery. Maximum instantaneous pressure gradients were measured by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography before surgery and 6 weeks to 9 months after surgery. All dogs survived the procedure, and two dogs were clinically normal after 9 and 14 months. Two dogs died at week 6 and month 7. One dog was receiving medication for pulmonary edema 15 months after surgery. One dog underwent open resection of the subvalvular ring at month 3, and was clinically normal 6 months after the second procedure. Complications included intraoperative ventricular fibrillation in one dog, and mild postoperative aortic insufficiency in one dog. Closed transventricular dilation resulted in an immediate 83% decrease in the peak systolic pressure gradient from a preoperative mean of 97 ± 22 mm Hg to a mean of 14 ± 15 mm Hg. However, systolic pressure gradients measured by direct catheterization at month 3 (77 ± 26 mm Hg), and by Doppler echocardiography at week 6 to month 9 (85 ± 32 mm Hg) were not significantly different from preoperative values, which suggested recurrence of the aortic stenosis. Closed transventricular dilation should not be considered a definitive treatment for discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis in dogs, but may be useful in young dogs with critical aortic stenosis as a bridge to more definitive surg

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The use of a cholecystostomy catheter for temporary bile diversion was investigated in four cats with experimentally induced extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Eighteen days after ligation of the common bile duct, a 6.5 F accordion catheter was placed in the gallbladder with a 22 g Hawkins needle‐guide system through a paracostal incision. Biochemical parameters and fasting serum bile acids were monitored for 16 days. There were significant decreases in mean total bilirubin, asparate aminotransferase, and fasting serum bile acids within 72 hours of bile diversion, and in mean alanine aminotransferase within 96 hours. Attitude and appetite improved, and the catheter was tolerated well. Positive bile cultures developed in three cats. Histologic changes in the gallbladder included mucosal ulcerations, a mixed inflammatory cellular infiltration, and fibrosis of the submucos

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two hundred dogs and cats undergoing exploratory celiotomy for reasons other than trauma were grouped by disease classification and by body system affected. There were 61 animals in which infection or inflammation predominated, 63 animals with neoplasia, and 76 animals with noninflammatory and non‐neoplastic conditions. Body systems affected were digestive, lymphatic, urinary, reproductive, other, and undetermined. Seventy‐three percent of the animals survived the hospitalization period; survival rates for animals with infection or inflammation, neoplasia, and other disorders were 69%, 60%, and 86%, respectively. Within the same groups, the exploratory celiotomy provided strictly diagnostic information in 72%, 79%, and 24% of the animals, and surgical treatment was provided to 28%, 21%, and 58% of the animals, respectively. Intraoperative cytologic and histologic diagnoses were consistent in 78% of the animals; the consistency rates for animals with infection or inflammation, neoplasia, and other disorders were 81%, 88%, and 59%, respectively. Complications after surgery were observed in 30% of the animals, with 60% of the complications disease related. Complications were observed in six animals with reproductive disorders (67%), six animals with urinary disease (46%), 35 animals with digestive disease (29%), and three animals with lymphatic disease (1

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The antimicrobial efficacy of an adhesive drape applied after a 1‐minute alcohol scrub was compared to a povidone‐iodine (PI) skin preparation technique in dogs. Each technique was applied to both sides of 15 adult anesthetized dogs on premeasured, clipped areas of skin. Skin bacteria were quantified before, immediately after, and 1 hour after skin preparation. Predominant skin bacteria were isolated by swabbing the skin. The percentages of bacterial reduction immediately after and 1 hour after skin preparation, percentages of negative culture results, cultures with more than five colony‐forming units, and the frequency of skin reactions were calculated and analyzed statistically. Drape adhesion was assessed subjectively. The percentage reduction in skin bacteria was significant for both techniques and comparable to that reported in humans. The adhesive drape was significantly less effective in both the immediate and 1‐hour periods. Lift occurred in 66% of drape applications but was not associated with high bacterial counts. Acute contact dermatitis was more frequent after skin preparation with PI. There was no difference between the techniques in recovery of potential skin pathogens. The authors conclude that application of this antimicrobial adhesive drape after a 1‐minute alcohol scrub is not as effective in the reduction of skin bacteria in dogs as is PI preparation of

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 18 of 28 animals (64%) with osteomyelitis. The bones most commonly infected with anaerobic bacteria were radius and ulna, mandible, and tympanic bulla. Fights or abscesses commonly preceded the osteomyelitis. Seven anaerobic genera were isolated. Mixed infections of anaerobic and aerobic organisms occurred in 16 animals. Staphylococci were isolated in only one such mixed infection, but they were isolated commonly when there were aerobic bacteria only. Staphylococcal infections were often single.

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The medial collateral ligament of one stifle in 20 adult dogs was excised and replaced with polypropylene mesh or a polyester suture. After 26 weeks, the fibrous tissue‐prosthesis composites were evaluated clinically, morphologically, and biomechanically. Clinical lameness was not significantly different after 10 days. The polypropylene mesh reconstructions consistently had more fibrous tissue and greater collagenous ingrowth than the polyester suture reconstructions. There were four complications related to fixation of the polypropylene mesh prosthesis and one to the polyester suture. The polypropylene mesh reconstructions had greater stability and were biomechanically more similar to the natural ligaments than the polyester suture reconstructions. Although the results with polypropylene mesh were favorable, more challenging biomechanical testing and alternative anchoring techniques are required before polypropylene mesh can be recommended as a collateral ligament replacement in dog

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of surgical and nonsurgical therapy on the development of osteoarthritis were compared in 12 dogs with bilateral medial patellar luxation and unilateral surgical repair. Evaluations included severity of lameness and patellar luxation, ligamentous stability, range of motion, and radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis before surgery and at a mean of 33 months after surgery. Stifles without surgical treatment served as controls for the contralateral stifles with surgery. All stifles treated surgically had reduced patellofemoral joints, normal range of motion, and improved limb use. Osteoarthritis progressed significantly and comparably in both groups of stifles. Progression of osteoarthritis was not correlated with luxation grade, body weight, or interval from surgery to follow‐up. Age at surgery was correlated positively with severity of osteoarthritis in the stifles treated surgicall

ISSN:0161-3499    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-950X.1992.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY