ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90278-2

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRoutine prophylactic performance of episiotomy has not been scientifically evaluated since it was first suggested in 1918. This is a retrospective report of 100 uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal term births in which prophylactic episiotomy was not performed. All of the infants had an Apgar score of 9 or 10 at five minutes, and 97 had an Apgar score of 9 at one minute. Two babies had an Apgar score of 7 at one minute, and one had an Apgar score of 4 at one minute. All were in excellent health at their two‐and six‐week pediatric examinations. Sixty‐seven of the women sustained no lacerations, 16 had first degree lacerations that did not require repair, and six had first degree lacerations that required sutures. Eleven women sustained second degree lacerations. There were no third or fourth degree lacerations. In the absence of maternal or fetal complications routine prophylactic episiotomy appears to be unnece

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90279-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe current study attempts to identify the effects of an individual prescription for protein and kilocalorie requirements during pregnancy on subsequent maternal and infant outcomes. This study was a replication of Agnes Higgins' Intervention Method for Nutritional Rehabilitation During Pregnancy developed at the Montreal Diet Dispensary, Montreal, Canada. The present study was a randomized clinical trial using an experimental control group design. There were 47 subjects in phases 1 and 2 of a multiphase study. Total food intake data was available for 43 subjects with singleton live births. The Higgins method was found to have a significant impact on increasing the amount of protein but not calories consumed by the experimental group. A significant increase in maternal weight and infant birth weight was found in those underweight and normal weight women, who gained at least 10 lb (4.5 kg) in the first 20 weeks of their pregnancy and who consumed an adequate amount of their prescriptions of both protein and kilocalories. All the women with premature labor and pregnancy‐induced hypertension were in the group with an inadequate early pregnancy weight gain and inadequate nutrition intake. Data collection to increase sample size is ongoin

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90280-0

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe Yale Nurse‐Midwifery Practice is a small nurse‐midwifery service run by Yale School of Nursing faculty and students. The clientele is primarily middle class, insured or self‐paying, married, and carrying a planned pregnancy. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 175 consecutive patients and their infants to determine antepartum, intrapartum, and neonatal/postpartum characteristics and outcomes. These outcomes are uniformly good, and this type of faculty practice can be useful as a prototype both in and out of a university se

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90281-2

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe nurse‐midwife assumes two professional roles: one of the registered nurse and one of the nurse‐midwife. These roles may require different activities and may provoke different expectations. It may be assumed that role conflict exists both within the nurse‐midwife (intrarole conflict) and between the nurse‐midwife and the obstetric nurse (interrole conflict). Presented is a descriptive study of conflict within and between these two groups. The 100 studied nurse‐midwives were randomly selected from the membership list of the American College of Nurse‐Midwives (ACNM). The 100 studied obstetric nurses were randomly selected from lists provided by hospitals that also employed nurse‐midwives. Two mailed questionnaires were used to collect data from both groups. These questionnaires contained five sections: profile, content of care, attitudes and values, role definition, and critical incident report. An analysis of the data compared activities perceived as appropriate to the nurse‐midwife by both groups, in addition to attitudes and values held by each group, perceptions of the nurse‐midwife's role definition, and role conflict themes as reported through the critical incident report. Data indicate that although both groups have basically positive views of one another, interrole conflict is present to some degree. Data did not support conflict within

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90282-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90283-6

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn clinical research with small sample size, problems can arise in allocating subjects into various treatment groups when they are accessioned into a study over time. The Biased Coin Design (BCD) was designed to overcome the problems of biased or unbalanced treatment groups, while ensuring the advantages of complete randomization. The BCD is discussed, and an example of its use in clinical research is given.

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90284-8

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90285-X

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90288-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(85)90291-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY