ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90094-9

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine whether clinicians' fundal height measurements were influenced by their ability to see the numeric markings on the tape measure during the measurement procedure, and by their knowledge of gestational weeks. Ten certified nurse‐midwives and four student nurse‐midwives each obtained measurements from 24 women. Each clinician obtained two fundal height measurements with unmarked paper tape measures and two fundal height measurements with marked paper tape measures. The fundal height measurement obtained and recorded on the prenatal chart by the clinician responsible for the woman's routine prenatal visit at the time of data collection was also recorded by the researchers. Comparison of the differences between the clinician's two marked and two unmarked tape measurements demonstrated that the differences between the two marked tape measurements were smaller (mean absolute difference = 0.61 cm) than the differences between the two unmarked tape measurements (mean absolute difference = 0.97 cm). When the gestational weeks were compared with the unmarked and marked tape measurements and with the fundal height measurements recorded on the prenatal record, the smallest differences were between the fundal height measurements recorded on the prenatal record and gestational weeks (mean absolute difference = 1.51 cm); the next smallest differences were between the marked tape measurements and gestational weeks (mean absolute difference = 1.89 cm); and the largest differences were between the unmarked tape measurements and gestational weeks (mean absolute difference = 2.15 cm). These findings demonstrate that clinicians' fundal height measurements are biased by their ability to see the numeric markings on the tape measure and by their knowledge of gestational weeks. These findings suggest that clinicians should blind themselves to their own fundal height measurements and to the number of gestational weeks to avoid the effects of clinician bias on their fundal height measureme

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90095-7

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTStudies of home birth have compared it with hospital birth, with a focus on perinatal outcomes. Although such studies have established the safety of midwife‐attended home births, this narrow view does not include all of the concepts represented in a proposed midwifery care framework derived from the philosophy of the American College of Nurse‐Midwives. In this essay, the authors recommend the employment of qualitative research with a feminist perspective as a method to elucidate other concepts in the midwifery care framework, and suggest that future home birth research should explore the recognition and validation of the woman and her experiences, appropriate use of technology, and the influences of the birth environm

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90096-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe Infant Breast‐feeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT) was used to assess the time of effective breast feeding in 48 healthy term infants born to mothers having their first or second baby. Infants of mothers who received an analgesia (butorphanol or nalbuphine) in labor (n= 26) were compared with infants whose mothers did not receive any labor analgesia (n= 22). Timing of the administration of labor analgesia was also examined with infants whose mothers received no analgesia or analgesia within an hour of birth compared with infants whose mothers received analgesia more than one hour before birth. Infants of first‐time breast‐feeding mothers took longer to establish effective feeding compared with infants of second‐time breast‐feeding mothers. Male infants also took longer. Labor analgesia significantly affected mother‐rated IBFAT scores when initiation time was considered. Infants who received analgesia within an hour of birth, or no analgesia, and who initiated breast feeding early, established effective feeding significantly earlier than infants with longer duration of analgesia and later initiation of bre

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90097-3

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIntegrative systems therapy, a sexual therapy model, can be used by the nurse‐midwife in evaluating and managing symptomatic complaints that may lead to sexual problems. Vaginal dryness, commonly experienced by many perimenopausal women, is one of many presenting complaints that will benefit from such a systemic approach to investigation and treatmen

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90098-1

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTJordanian midwives, particularly those working in the public sector, are the major health care providers for mothers and their young children. Many women, however, do not receive early prenatal care, and some receive no prenatal care at all. Because of persistent high rates of maternal and early childhood morbidity and mortality, the Minister of Health has identified advanced preparation in primary health care nursing as a priority for some midwives, who will then be expected to function as leaders in the movement toward universal primary health care.

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90099-X

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90100-7

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90101-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90102-3

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(94)90104-X

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY