ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90237-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNurse‐midwives have been practicing in the United States for almost 60 years. The last five years in particular have been a period of vigorous development and growth. Lack of practice opportunities is no longer a major limiting factor. However, we function in a complex society and are dependent upon support from a variety of groups with whom we are interdependent or whose goals support ours at least in part. Historically the main source of support for nurse‐midwifery came from public health leaders and obstetricians who were concerned about an inadequate supply of maternity care. Now, however, there are many obstetricians, so this concern is no longer a source of support except as it relates to care of the poor. CNMs' willingness and ability to provide effective care for poor women has been our most important source of support, especially for the resources necessary to operate our educational programs. Consumers are an important source of support, although we still need to learn more about their preferences and why they either select nurse‐midwifery care or don't. Our relative cost‐effectiveness is also important, and we need to maximize it. Nursing is a large profession and has a powerful lobbying arm that supports us. As safe CNM care requires an association with medicine, the support of the physicians with whom we work is essential. Other midwives also provide support by expanding the market for midwifery. Organizations such as the Federal Trade Commission provide critical support for us in the context of their larger goals of promoting an open and fair society. In addition, the College itself is building a “safety net” of institutionalized supports for the

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90238-6

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNurse‐midwifery is presented as a missing element in the care of women and child‐bearing families today. The first generations of nurse‐midwives defined and demonstrated nurse‐midwifery care. Generations of the past three decades turned inward to construct a strong core of autonomy for the profession in education, practice, and payment for services. This autonomy is the basis for the challenge presented to nurse‐midwifery today. It is proposed that nurse‐midwifery reject the myth of independence defined in the medical model and pioneer interdependence; mutual dependence between care providers, institutions, and childbearing families. It is further proposed that nurse‐midwifery capitalize on identified societal shifts toward long‐term planning, decentralization, networking, multiple options, balanced high‐tech/high‐touch and self‐care/self‐help. The strategic vision proposed for the profession is that nurse‐midwifery care become available to all women who seek it, now and in the future, with development of a plan to keep in balance the supply and demand for

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90239-8

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA profession, as defined by sociologists, is an occupation that has ultimate control over its work. Professional control extends over not only subordinate workers, but clients as well. Most fundamentally, professions control the development of the body of knowledge on which their practice is based. This paper explores the implications of this politically based definition of profession for midwifery.

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90240-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the thesis that nurse‐midwifery will grow and flourish in a climate of economic constraint and competition if every nurse‐midwife assumes both the responsibilities and privileges of professional maturity. This maturity is based on the concept of interdependence in relationships with clients, physicians, and nurses, and other nurse‐midwives. These relationships are also built upon mutual respect and trust. Concerns for client self‐determination at the expense of safety, paternalism/maternalism at the expense of client autonomy, expansion of midwifery practice into medicine, and the extension of professional limits of practice beyond one's level of competence are discussed. The final goal of healthier mothers and babies with access to care for all women requires nurse‐midwifery care in cooperation with other health professionals. No one professional group can meet this g

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90241-6

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecent efforts by the Federal Trade Commission to apply consumer protection and antitrust laws to the health care industry are discussed, with particular emphasis on those activities of interest and concern to certified nurse‐midwives. FTC initiatives that have involved nurse‐midwives—including interventions by the Commission before other federal, state, and local governmental bodies—have focused on three major areas to date: hospital privileges; malpractice insurance for backup physicians; and third party reimbursement. While the Commission's continued jurisdiction over these and similar activities involving the professions has been threatened in the Congress during the last several years, relevant committees in both the House and the Senate have now approved FTC reauthorization bills that would maintain its basic antitrust powers, as well as its consumer protection authority over the business and commercial practices of professionals. The Commission is indebted to the American College of Nurse‐Midwives for its continued support of FTC law enforcement and intervention activities, the goal of which is to help create a more competitive health care market and to provide for greater consumer choice among qualified

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90242-8

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes to acquaint nurse‐midwives with the basic operations and terminology of the malpractice industry; to identify and discuss what kinds of incidents are covered by the ACNM malpractice insurance policy; to discuss what steps a nurse‐midwife should take when an unhealthy outcome occurs; to discuss the facts about the nurse‐midwifery profession's malpractice claims history; and to discuss the College's and individual member's responsibilities to carry out peer review and quality assurance activ

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90243-X

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTParenthood for lesbians is an alternative family structure appearing with increasing frequency, but there is a lack of documentation of the unique needs of this population and the effect of societal attitudes on the provision of health care to these women. Using a survey with 74 open‐ended questions, the authors found that their sample population did seek care in the traditional health care system, but felt improvements could be made within that system. Participants felt a need for health care providers to educate themselves about lesbian life‐styles and lesbian health care issues. Although the participants would prefer to receive care from a provider who happened to be lesbian, even more important was a provider with an open, supportive attitude. As a pilot study, this survey aids in developing an instrument appropriate for assessing the self‐perceived needs of this target popul

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90244-1

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90245-3

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90246-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY