ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90026-0

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBreast infection can be a pathologically based negative influence on breast feeding. There are basically five types of lactational mastitis: subclinical mastitis, acute puerperal mastitis (cellulitis and adenitis), supperative mastitis, mammary infection with uncommon organisms, and virus infection in mammary neoplasms. The first three types are seen most often. Mastitis patients present, along with fever, a rapid pulse, and hot, reddened, tender areas on one or both breasts. Symptoms are most severe in supperative mastitis. In these cases, the developing breast abscess may be clearly identifiable. Nipple trauma and engorgement are thought to be predisposing factors to mastitis. Nipple trauma may lead to fissured nipples, thereby facilitating entry of bacteria into the connective tissue of the breast and development of acute cellulitic mastitis. Engorgement leads to stasis of milk and plugged milk ducts, which may create a setting condusive to development of acute adenitis. Nurse‐midwives should be actively involved in prevention and early detection of mastitis. Prevention may include instruction in hand expression and breast massage; encouragement of early, unrestricted nursing; identification of mothers with increased risk of nipple trauma and engorgement; instruction in signs and symptoms of infection; identification of support and information sources; and scheduling of early postpartum clinic visits. Treatment of mastitis includes rest in bed, increased oral fluids, temperature monitoring, and either continuation of breast feeding or discontinuation with binding of breasts and application of ice packs. Research seems to indicate that continuation is preferable. Treatment with antibiotics, usually antistaphylococcal drugs, is also necessar

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90027-2

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90028-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA film bibliography, developed as a result of the author's work on the Program Committee for the annual ACNM conventions over the past 3 yr, is presented. This material introduces health care workers to programs useful in patient education and, in some instances, nurse or nurse‐midwifery educatio

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90029-6

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe sucking response was studied in 13 low‐birth‐weight (LBW) newborns and 17 normal‐birth‐weight (NBW) newborns. An electronic suckometer was used to measure maximum intensity pressure for the suction and expression components of the sucking response for four consecutive 15 sec intervals at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min of life. At these times LBW newborns exerted mean suction pressures of 5.8, 8.7, 3.1, 7.8, and 9.3 mm Hg and mean expression pressures of 14.0, 11.9, 13.0, 8.5, and 5.0 mm Hg. NBW newborns exerted mean suction pressures of 2.1, 25.0, 34.0, 68.2, and 93.7 mm Hg and mean expression pressures of 4.6, 5.6, 7.3, 8.3, and 7.0 mm Hg. Positive correlations were found for both LBW and NBW infants between suction pressure and birth weight (p<0.01) and gestational age (p<0.01); for NBW infants between maternal parity and suction pressure at 5 min (p<0.05); and for LBW infants between second stage of labor and expression pressure at 5 min (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in sucking pressures based on race, sex, maternal medication, or the occurrence of prenatal, intrapartal, or neonatal complications. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the sucking response is present in most newborn infants, LBW as well as NBW infants, during the first hour of life. These data also suggest a relationship between the sucking ability of newborn infants and both crying and sucking exp

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90030-2

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA review of the literature of the many factors affecting the condition of the female pelvic floor tissues is presented. The factors contributing to pelvic floor integrity during childbirth are discussed, with special emphasis on the technique of perineal massage.

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90031-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90032-6

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90034-X

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTSimulated learning situations using models and visual aids can provide more efficient use of available teaching time and more complete conceptualization of manual skills by nurse‐midwifery students. Five inexpensive teaching aids with directions for each are presented. Further sharing of teaching aids between nurse‐midwifery programs is encoura

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90035-1

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(79)90036-3

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1979

数据来源: WILEY