ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90125-3

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA consensus development conference was held at the National Institutes of Health on February 6–8, 1984, to discuss issues related to “The Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging in Pregnancy.” NIH consensus development conferences bring together scientists, practicing physicians, other health professionals, and representatives of the public, to provide a scientific assessment of medical technologies and to develop a consensus statement on their safety and efficacy. This paper presents the full text of the consensus stat

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90126-5

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90127-7

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOver the past 25 years there has been a rebirth of the profession and practice of midwifery in the United States. Emerging out of the rebirth have come numerous accounts of the history of midwifery. In this article, the author reviews the development of midwifery in black communities of the rural southeastern states from the 1600s through the 1940s. Several questions emerge as areas for further study.

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90128-9

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecent consumer demand for a more personal and natural childbirth experience is stimulating change in the setting and conduct of birth for low‐risk deliveries. Parents are opting for a more home‐like, clean birth experience rather than an institutionalized aseptic delivery. With these changes, there is also a change in professional attire for delivery. No longer is surgical garb seen at every hospital birth. A review of the literature, including obstetric medical and nursing texts, professional standards documents, and periodicals from 1800 to the present provide an overview of the historical development of aseptic practices. Discoveries by Holmes, Semmelweis, Pasteur, and Lister were the basis for the development of aseptic practices and professional apparel at delivery. Over the 200‐year time span, practices ranged from harmful interventions in an attempt to sterilize the birth canal, to protective measures using antiseptics and sterile clothing to prevent the introduction of pathogens. Today, the necessary professional attire at delivery is still a debatable

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90129-0

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn many settings, professional attire used during hospital delivery has changed from surgical apparel to clean clothing. To document current practice, a questionnaire was mailed to obstetric nursing supervisors of 30 metropolitan hospitals. Follow‐up letters and phone calls resulted in a response rate of 100%. As the annual number of births per hospital increased, the use of surgical attire (P= 0.056) and surgical drapes (P= 0.03) decreased. No significant difference was found between physician's and certified nurse‐midwife's (CNM) use of apparel (P>0.16). However, less frequent use of the cap and gown by the CNM did approach statistical significance (P= 0.09). A significant difference (P<0.05) was found for the use of attire between delivery room and birthing room settings; more surgical attire was required for the more traditional delivery room bir

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90130-7

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFrom its beginnings in 1955, the American College of Nurse‐Midwives has supported the concept of Quality Care Assessment and Assurance (QCAA) and charged its members with responsibility to involve themselves in such activities within their practice. Six tools are reviewed that represent a sound basis for the development of QCAA programs within nurse‐midwifery practice, the ultimate goal being the provision of optimal health care to women and the childbearing fam

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90131-9

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this study were to determine factors affecting the use of music by women during childbirth and to compare the frequency of actual music use during childbirth by women who heard music during prenatal labor rehearsal vs those who did not hear music in rehearsal. Fifty‐four women attending Lamaze childbirth classes were randomly assigned to music‐rehearsal or nonmusic‐rehearsal groups. After delivery, all subjects completed questionnaires about music use and subjective responses to music. Eleven factors involved in determination of actual music use were identified. No significant differences in music use by rehearsal group assignment were found. Results demonstrate that music provides an adjunct to childbirth that is highly desirable for some women, while unappealing or inconvenient for others. Suggestions for utilization of findings by maternity care providers are pres

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90132-0

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper reviews some of the maternal‐child health services available to the people of the small African country of Malawi and the requirements of the Nurses and Midwives Council of Malawi for the educational experience of midwifery student

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90133-2

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0091-2182    

DOI:10.1016/0091-2182(84)90134-4

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY