ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110836

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Epidemiological data were collected on the slow virus disease, kuru, among the Fore cultural and linguistic group in Papua New Guinea from 65 kuru patients who died or were diagnosed between 1977 and 1981. From these, 3 episodes of cannibalistic feasts were identified, in each of which 2 or more participants were exposed to the infectious agent for the first time and died within weeks or months of each other 25–30 years later. Thus, it is shown that the natural incubation period of kuru could be as long as 25–30 years and is at times identical in 2 or more individuals infected at the same time, even over this span of years; also it is not determined by age at exposure. Further analysis of the episodes supports the concept on which the study was based, namely the transmission of kuru at the time of cannibalistic mourning with primary infection often occurring in infancy or early childh

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110837

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This case control observation was based on 88 autopsies of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) along with three control diseases (550 craniocervical injuries, 403 myocardial infarctions and 440 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis) retrieved from the annual records of autopsies in Japan for 1964–1978. Recorded pathological findings, excluding those of the stated diseases, their treatments, agonal and other irrelevant changes, were classified and compared by age and sex. No increase was observed over control diseases in the frequency of nonneoplastic complications in CJD, regardless of the classification made from an etiological, functional, topographical or morphological point of view. The number of neoplasms was also comparable among these diseases. The frequency of organ resections was increased. There was little evidence supporting the idea that CJD is associated with other disorders recognizable at autopsy, excluding organ resection

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110838

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

All 1978 US death certificates for which the registered underlying cause of death was nervous system (NS) tumors were identified (n = 9,841). For each case, 2 control deaths were matched by age, race, sex, and county and year of death. The frequency with which other conditions appeared on the death certificates of cases and controls was compared. The results emphasize the importance of differentiating primary from metastatic NS tumors; aggressively managing infections; treating acute vascular events as emergencies, and identifying a group at high risk for developing an NS tumor.

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110839

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Epidemiologic studies of seizure disorders among US blacks and inner city residents are rare. Employing a case-control design, this investigation used the emergency room records of Harlem Hospital in New York City to examine sociodemographic, clinical, and service-use characteristics of seizure patients. Approximately 96% of the cases (314) and of the controls (436) were black. Compared to the controls, seizure patients were older and more often male. Cases were transported to the emergency room by ambulance significantly more often than controls regardless of the interval since the seizure. Interval since the seizure was related to the likelihood of hospital admission. Women with seizures had a significantly higher rate of hospital admission than female controls. Seizures were strongly associated with indications on the record of alcohol abuse. The odds of an adult male or of an adult female alcoholic attending the emergency room for seizures were approximately seven times that of a same-sex nonalcoholic control. Whether abuse of alcohol plays a major etiologic role in the onset of seizures or serves only to precipitate convulsions in individuals already vulnerable to seizures remains an open question.

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110840

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Data on the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Greece seem to be lacking. This study belongs to ''E group'' studies. Among 14,714 inpatients of the Department of Neurology, Athens University, during the last 20 years (1964–1983), 522 cases of MS and 258 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were detected. The prevalence of MS was then estimated at 10.2:100,000 individuals. This estimate is within the spectrum of expected values considering the geographical location of Greec

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110841

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1984

数据来源: Karger