摘要:

The incidence, secular trend and survivorship of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the Rochester, Minn., population has been investigated over a 60-year period, 1925 through 1984. The crude average annual incidence rate was 2.0 per 100,000 population. The rate, age- and sex-adjusted to the US 1970 white population, was 2.4 per 100,000 population (3.0 for men and 2:0 for women), with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. Incidence rates after 1955 showed a small but nonsignificant increase compared to those of the former 30-year period. Median age at onset was 67.5 years; the incidence rates increased significantly with advancing age, but without a peak. Median survivorship was 23.8 months, and younger patients had a better prognosis than patients with an advanced age at onset. No change in duration of survivorship was observed over the period studied. Two of the 44 patients (4.5%) had a family history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110815

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Epidemiological data of 931 patients with definite and probable multiple sclerosis in four areas in Europe (Groningen, Göttingen, Darmstadt and Baranya) were collected and compared. The same criteria and scoring methods were used. Clear differences between the areas appeared: a high percentage of severely disabled patients were encountered in the northern part (Groningen) and a high percentage of signs and symptoms related to supraspinal lesions in brainstem, cerebellum and hemispheres were found in the south east (Hungary). In Göttingen, in the central part of the total area, a relatively higher percentage of younger MS patients with minimal disability were found. However, it still has to be determined to which extent these differences are real or caused by information bia

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110816

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Mortality data collected from 1968 to 1982 were screened in order to identify all death certificates listing stroke as underlying cause of death. Annual age- and sex-specific death rates were calculated using population data obtained from the 1968, 1975 and 1982 census of the French population. Data showed that stroke mortality has been declining by more than 30%, in most age groups both in men and women. There was a slight trend for this decline to be greater between 50 and 75 years of age in both sexes. A small increase was observed in women under 40 years of age. Large and stable variations in stroke mortality were found within France.

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110817

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A retrospective case-control study was carried out to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and cerebrovascular disease occurrence. Cases were obtained from the University of California-American Heart Association, San Diego Stroke Data Bank, and controls from selected Veterans Administration and University of California, San Diego, outpatient departments. When cigarette smoking was dichotomously coded into categories of low and high lifetime exposure, consistent significant positive associations were found with cerebrovascular disease occurrence in both bivariate and multivariate analysis when controlling for blood pressure. These associations, however, were not found when smoking was categorized as smoker, ex-smoker, and non-smoker. No association was found between passive smoking and cerebrovascular disease. The results indicate that a cumulative lifetime exposure to active cigarette smoking is directly associated with cerebrovascular disease.

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110818

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the period 1956 through 1981, 129 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt operations were performed on 50 patients who were residents of Olmsted County, Minn. The overall average annual age- and sex-adjusted incidence of initial CSF shunts during this 26-year period was 2.3 per 100,000 person-years. Within 5-year calendar time intervals, the average annual incidence rates per 100,000 person-years ranged from 0.8 (1956–1960) to 4.6 (1971–1975). There were 4 shunt-related deaths, 1 due to a CSF shunt infection and 3 due to acute increases in intracranial pressure. In this analysis of shunt procedures in a defined population, the diagnostic indications and changes over time in CSF shunting devices are also descri

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110819

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110820

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110821

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0251-5350    

DOI:10.1159/000110822

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1986

数据来源: Karger