摘要:

The effectiveness of acupuncture in managing the pain of primary dysmenorrhea was investigated in a randomized and controlled prospective clinical study. Forty-three women were followed for one year in one of four groups: the Real Acupuncture group was given appropriate acupuncture and the Placebo Acupuncture group was given random point acupuncture on a weekly basis for three menstrual cycles; the Standard Control group was followed without medical or acupuncture intervention; the Visitation Control group had monthly nonacupuncture visits with the project physician for three cycles. In the Real Acupuncture group, 10 of 11 (90.9%) women showed improvement; in the Placebo Acupuncture group, 4 of 11 (36.4%); in the Standard Control group, 2 of 11 (18.2%); and in the Visitation Control group 1 of 10 (10%). There was a 41% reduction of analgesis medication used by the women in the Real Acupuncture group after their treatment series, and no change or increased use of medication seen in the other groups.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cervical softening by vaginal administration of a prostaglandin E1analogue (ONO-802) was studies in a double-bline, placebo-controlled study using an objective measure of cervical resistance in 121 women undergoing first trimester induced abortion. Three hours after administration, cervical resistance in control and treated patients did not differ significantly in nulliparous women but did in parous women.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Nine percent of United States births are preterm. The ability to efficiently identify women destined to deliver before term would enable obstetricians to initiate early intervention. The Papiernik-Creasy risk scoring system is being extensively applied for this purpose, without prospective validation in this country. We evaluated prospectively its ability to predict high risk women in a black inner city population, when applied once early in pregnancy. The system based on social, past medical, and current pregnancy problems, failed to identify at-risk patients. Adjusting the score cutoff and reweighting factors with discriminate analysis did not improve the predictive value. Analysis of an additional 60 social, demographic, and medical factors failed to produce a useful alternative risk assessment tool. We suggest that risk scoring systems such as these may not be helpful in socioeconomically at-risk populations.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To determine which components of uterine activity are affected by different positions of labor, 116 intrauterine pressure records in the sitting and supine positions were analyzed in order to measure resting, contraction, and bearing down pressures. The resting pressure in the sitting position showed consistent elevation compared to the supine position, while the contraction pressure did not differ strikingly in the two positions. The bearing down pressure in the sitting position for nulliparas during the second stage and for multiparas at the time of the 8− to 10-cm dilation was significantly higher than that in the supine position. Also, the sitting position led to a significantly shorter duration of the second stage in nulliparas and the 5− to 10-cm dilation period in multiparas. These findings suggest that the maternal position does not affect uterine contractility, that the increased resting pressure in the sitting position is of some importance in supplementing the downward delivery force, and that the increased bearing down pressure in the sitting position could help to significantly shorten the duration of labor.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intermittent nipple stimulation has been proposed as a substitute for exogenous oxytocin infusion in the performance of contraction stress tests. To compare the uterine activity produced by these two methods, we studied a group of 45 term pregnant women undergoing indicated inductions of labor. Twenty-five patients had nipple stimulation and 20 patients received oxytocin infusions according to a study protocol. The two groups were similar in all obstetric parameters. Pre- and posttest uterine activity was measured by internal tocodynamometry and quantified in Montevideo units. A significant increase in uterine activity occurred in both groups (P<.01). Regular uterine activity (three contractions in ten minutes) was achieved more rapidly (P<.005), but at a lower level (P<.001) in the nipple stimulation group. Pre- and posttest tonus did not change significantly in either group. In the nipple stimulation group, five patients (20%) did not achieve adequate contraction patterns after 15 stimulation-rest cycles (a total of 110 minutes) and three subjects (12%) experienced uterine hyperstimulation. These observations suggest that exogenous oxytocin and intermittent nipple stimulation may not have equivalent effects on uterine contractility. Therefore, it may not be justified to substitute one technique for the other or to use the same criteria for interpretation of contraction stress tests produced by both techniques.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We studied the changes in cardiovascular performance and uterine blood flow during treatment with nicardipine HC1, a recently developed calcium entry blocker. Pregnant rabbits were surgically prepared for monitoring of uterine activity and blood flow measurements on day 24–26 of gestation. On day 29 of gestation, regular uterine activity was induced and then treated by intravenous nicardipine HC1 infusion. Measurements were made before induction of labor and before and after tocolysis. Nicardipine HC1 treatment was associated with a rise in pulse rate and concomitant fall in mean arterial pressure. While there was a significant (greater than 40%) increase in cardiac output during tocolysis, there was also a fall in uteroplacental blood flow. The significance of these changes and their implications for fetal well-being need further investigation before clinical studies can begin.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of two dosage schedules of nicardipine, a calcium-entry blocker, were studies in the pregnant rabbit during induced preterm uterine contractions and compared with the effects of ritodrine hydrochloride. Uterine activity was inhibited by all treatment regimens, but the most significant inhibition was achieved by the higher dose of nicardipine, which nearly abolished all uterine activity. However, while maternal tachycardia and hypotension were observed during treatment with each of these medications, the most significant drop in blood pressure occurred with high-dose nicardipine. These findings may indicate that nicardipine is a potent tocolytic agent with side effects similar in degree, but of different etiology, than those seen with ritodrine. Additional studies to clarify the effect of nicardipine tocolysis on the fetus are needed before it can be considered for use in human pregnancy.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effect of the tocolytic agents terbutaline and magnesium sulfate on patients' temperatures was examined. Fifty-two women admitted for preterm labor were randomized to a treatment protocol for one of the two agents. Oral temperatures were measured intially and every two hours during treatment. There was no significant difference between the initial temperature and the lowest temperature recorded during treatment in the terbutaline group, but temperature decreased significantly during treatment with magnesium sulfate. This decrease in maternal temperature may have importance in the treatment of preterm labor with magnesium sulfate in patients with an infectious etiology for uterine activity.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The relation of the risk of venous thromboembolism to the use of oral contraceptives was assessed in a hospital-based study of 61 women suffering from a first episode of idiopathic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (cases) and 1278 women admitted for trauma or respiratory infectious (controls). Twenty (33%) of the cases and 121 (9%) of the controls had used oral contraceptives within the previous month, yielding an age-adjusted relative risk estimate of 8.1 (95% confidence interval 3.7 to 18) for recent users relatives to nerve-users. For women using oral contraceptives containing liss than 50 μg estrogen, the relative risk estimate was 11 (3.7 to 22); for preparations with 50 μg estrogen, it was 5.5 (2.1 to 15); and for prepartions with more than 50 μ estrogen, it was 11(3.9 to 30). Past use of oral contraceptives was not associated with an increased risk. The data suggest that the risk of venous thromboembolism is increased for recent oral contraceptive users relative to nonusers, even if women use oral contraceptives containing low doses of estrogen. Confidence intervels were wide, however, so that a reduction in the risk for users of lower dose formulations relative to users of higher dose formulations cannot be ruled out. Selection bias, if present, would have resulted in overestimation of the relative risk, but should not have distorted the comparisons according to dosage.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To test the hypothesis that an abnormal luteal phase is associated with significant symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, psychologic and somatic premenstrual syndrome symptoms were evaluated in a group of 83 infertile patients undergoing timed endometrial biopsy for the assessment of luteal phase adequacy. The severity of psychologic and somatic symptoms was evaluated separately. It was found that luteal phase defect, defined by endometrial biopsy, was associated with less severe psychologic and no more severe somatic symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in comparison with normal luteal phase controls. The data suggest that the hormonal milieu associated with luteal phase defects does not correlate with premenstrual syndrome symptoms and do not support the hypothesis that suboptimal ovarian function causes premenstrual syndrome.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1987

数据来源: OVID