摘要:

&NA;Plasma prostaglandin F2&agr;(PGF2&agr;) concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay in serial samples during labor and the early postpartum period. PGF2&agr;was also measured during and between contractions every 20 or 30 seconds. The highest levels of PGF2&agr;were found during expulsion of the fetus and placenta with an additional rise half an hour after delivery and a decrease 2 hours after delivery to the levels of first stage of labor. PGF2&agr;values from cord blood were higher than in maternal peripheral blood in labor. The maximum PGF2&agr;concentration occurred between 100 to 120 seconds after the peak uterine contraction and between 40 and 60 seconds prior to peak of the next contraction. The possible explanation is that PGF2&agr;initiates uterine contractions and plays a role in the maintenance of labor, in the expulsion of the fetus and the placenta, and in the involution after delivery.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Maternal serum and amniotic fluid alpha‐fetoprotein determinations were made at or near term. There appears to be a correlation between elevated levels of alpha‐fetoprotein and physiologic jaundice of the newborn. It is suggested that this assay might be used as an index of fetal liver maturity when considering elective cesarean section or induction.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The efficacy and safety of a 50‐μg dose of Rh immune globulin for prevention of Rh isosensitization following first trimester vacuum abortion are evaluated in this study. A total of 1027 women undergoing abortion at three outpatient facilities participated in the study; 755 (73.5%) completed follow‐up serologic screening 6 months after termination of pregnancy. None showed serologic evidence of Rh sensitization at the time of followup. No serious adverse reactions to the drug were observed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The rapid emergence of nonhospital abortion facilities as alternatives to traditional hospital‐based surgical care has raised important questions concerning their safety. Using 1974‐1975 data from the Center for Disease Control's nationwide surveillance of abortion mortality and the Alan Guttmacher Institute's nationwide surveys of abortion providers, we have calculated the risk of death from legally induced abortion in the United States at ≤ 12 menstrual weeks' gestation in hospitals and nonhospital facilities (clinics and physicians' offices). The adjusted death‐to‐case rate for hospitals was 1.1 deaths/100,000 abortions, compared with a crude rate of 1.0 for nonhospital facilities. The risk of death from legal abortion in nonhospital facilities is apparently similar to the risk in hospitals.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A randomized single‐blind clinical study was performed to determine whether there was any difference in the termination event rates between parous women using the Ypsilon‐Y intrauterine device (IUD) and those using the Lippes loop D. A total of 174 women received the Ypsilon‐Y IUD and 173 women received the loop D. A significantly higher incidence of expulsion occurred with use of the Ypsilon‐Y IUD.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Ultrasonic localization of missing IUDs was performed on 51 patients with a high degree of accuracy. This method also demonstrated pregnancy where present and other pathologic conditions including fibroids and ovarian cysts. Other methods recommended for localization of missing IUDs are discussed with particular reference to their adverse effects. A protocol for localizing missing IUDs using ultrasound is recommended.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Fifty‐six patients who had undergone abdominal hysterectomy and 10 patients who had undergone cesarean section had fine steel wires placed subdermally in order to provide continuous electrostimulation for pain relief during a 5‐day postoperative period. Compared to the same number of patients with identical surgical procedures and postoperative medication orders, but no electrostimulation, they required considerably less analgesic medication. A smaller group of 20 patients who had had abdominal hysterectomy and received mock electrostimulation required approximately the same average amount of medication for pain relief as the group without electrostimulation. Other beneficial effects noted in the patients with electroanalgesia included marked stimulation of the bowel and contraction of the postpartum uterus.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Recent epidemiologic data suggest that patients treated with exogenous estrogens have an increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma and support the concept that patients taking estrogens must be monitored with special vigor. The hypothesis that endometrial aspiration curettage might be an appropriate modality to accomplish adequate surveillance was tested from January 1, 1976, to January 1, 1977, on a group of 208 consecutive patients undergoing hormonal replacement therapy. Although no patient in the test group experienced abnormal or unusual bleeding, focal adenomatous hyperplasia or a more severe lesion was found in 16.0% of the specimens. Among these were 4 cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma and 2 of atypical adenomatous hyperplasia. This study demonstrated that routine endometrial aspiration curettage of patients receiving exogenous hormone replacement therapy can not only help diagnose very early lesions which are amenable to definitive and completely corrective treatment, but also can uncover significant endometrial pathology before it becomes symptomatic. It further suggests the possibility that the incidence of such pathology among this category of patients might be higher than previously suspected.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Routine vaginal cytologic screening in nongynecologic admissions to Tygerberg Hospital revealed a detection rate for pelvic neoplasia of 9.3/1000 patients. Of these, 22 (16%) did not derive any benefit from this program because of the severity of the primary extrapelvic disease. However, 57% of those detected were still in thein situstage and should have a 100% 5‐year survival. The treatment was considered to be complete in 54.4% of the cases. As this service is performed by nursing personnel as part of their daily duty, this program seems to be a sound economic proposition.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The origin of mucinous and ciliated cells in the vulva and the pathogenesis of cysts lined by these epithelia were investigated. Small mucinous glands numbering from one to more than a hundred were encountered in 9 of 19 vulvas (53%) that were consecutively examined at autopsy. Eleven other cysts were encountered clinically. Six were lined by mucinous epithelium, three by pseudostratified cells with cilia plus small foci of mucinous epithelium, and two by ciliated epithelium only. Four of the cysts with ciliated epithelium were otherwise typical Bartholin's gland cysts. It is concluded that glands lined by either mucinous or ciliated epithelia are normal constituents of the vulvar vestibule, are derived from urogenital sinus, and develop into cysts when the neck leading to the vulvar surface becomes inflamed and obstructed.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID