摘要:

Midgestation ovine fetal thyroidectomy resulted in profound congenital hypothyroidism and severe respiratory distress at term. Amniotic fluid obtained at delivery revealed low lecithin: sphingomyelin (L: S) ratios in all animals with a predominantly acidic phosphatide pulmonary phospholipid profile. Surfactant was diminished in the lung effluent of cretins at birth as compared with normal lambs. The acidic phosphatides and low L: S ratios persisted in the pharyngeal aspirates of the cretin lambs following attempted air breathing and the onset of severe respiratory distress. Conversely, normal lambs released considerable surfactant at birth that contained nonacidic phosphatides dominated by dipalmitoyl lecithin and yielding strongly positive L: S ratios. Comparative histologic studies revealed poor alveolar differentiation in certain lambs and persistence of the midgestation canalicular stage of lung development.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cord blood IgA and IgM levels were measured in new-borns of mothers with prematurely ruptured membranes (PRM) who had also received prenatal glucocorticoid treatment to accelerate fetal lung maturity. Previous data show that some newborns of mothers with PRM had elevated IgA and/or IgM levels. This increase was also found in the present glucocorticoid-treated group, indicating that glucocorticoid therapy did not appear to alter fetal humoral immune response at all.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Neonatal outcome was studied in 108 infants conceived while their mothers were taking oral contraceptives. The infants tended to be born to younger, less educated mothers and were more likely to have been exposed to hormonal pregnancy tests. Ten newborns were malformed; 8 of these were males. One was anencephalic, and 1 infant had Down's syndrome. There was also a significantly large number of twins and an excess of perinatal mortality. These results are similar to those of previous studies, showing a small but increased risk of adverse outcome in infants born after oral contraceptive failure.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The records of 25 diethylstilbestrol-exposed women under treatment for reproductive dysfunction were reviewed. A tendency toward pregnancy wastage (5 of 10 patients), ectopic pregnancy (2 of 8 patients), cervical factor infertility (15 of 20 patients), hysterographic abnormalities (15 of 19 patients), and ovulatory dysfunction (10 of 25 patients) was noted. With the exceptions of ovulation induction and cervical cerclage, no means of treatment can be recommended.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seven patients with recurrent molar pregnancy were managed at the New England Trophoblastic Disease Center (NETDC) between July 1965 and December 1978. Recurrent molar pregnancy was associated with a worsening histology and an increased incidence of proliferative trophoblastic sequelae in the successive episodes of hydatidiform mole. While none of the initial 7 patients with molar pregnancy required any further treatment after evacuation, 5 of the 7 patients needed chemotherapy to achieve complete sustained remission of the recurrent episodes of hydatidiform mole. None of the patients with recurrent hydatidiform mole had normal viable pregnancies after 2 or more consecutive molar gestations. The literature regarding recurrent molar pregnancy is reviewed in the context of the authors' current observations.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The serum concentration of prolactin and the presence of galactorrhea were evaluated systematically in a prospective study of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). In 21 patients, the diagnosis of PCO was made by laparoscopy. Three women presented with galactorrhea and increased prolactin levels, 2 had galactorrhea with normal prolactin levels, and 3 had an isolated elevation in the serum concentration of prolactin. Treatment with MPA induced galactorrhea in 10 additional patients. Elevated levels of prolactin were detected in 18 of the patients during treatment. There was no correlation between the score for galactorrhea and the level of prolactin. Tomograms of the sella turcica were abnormal in 3 of 8 patients with hyperprolactinemia. The authors conclude that galactorrhea and/or hyperprolactinemia are important side effects of MPA in patients with PCO.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Although total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is accepted for the general surgical patient, it also has applications in management of certain gynecologic and obstetric patients. Over an 8.5-year period, 30 patients at a community hospital were referred for TPN from the obstetric and gynecologic service. The gynecologic patients were subdivided into 3 groups: those with rectovaginal fistulas, in whom colostomies were avoided; those with postoperative enterocutaneous fistulas and starvation; and those with postoperative prolonged ileus or mechanical intestinal obstruction and malnutrition, occasionally complicated by previous irradiation. Treatment with TPN obviated the need for surgery in many patients and improved the perioperative condition in others. In obstetrics, TPN was valuable in the treatment of severe hyperemesis gravidarum, inflammatory bowel disease, and the critically ill neonate. TPN can be an effective therapeutic tool in the management of a wide range of major nutritional problems facing the obstetrician-gynecologist.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

From a population of 515 subfertile couples and 119 women with amenorrhea, 38 patients were karyotyped because of specific signs and symptoms suggestive of chromosomal abnormality. The indications for karyotyping included primary amenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea with gonadal failure before 35 years of age, stature of less than 147.5 cm, azoospermia with eunuchoidism, and personal or family history of more than 2 spontaneous abortions or more than 2 severely abnormal children. In addition, 19 patients from the same subfertile population were selected randomly for karyotyping to serve as controls. Using banding techniques, chromosomal abnormalities were found in 18 of the 38 specifically selected individuals, whereas no abnormality was found among those randomly selected. Three of the 18 patients had chromosomal abnormalities not previously described; their karyotypes were 46,XY/ 48,XY,+8,+21; 46,X,inv dup(Xq)(q26→q21); and 46,XY, t(9;20)(q22;q12).

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections of the genital tract frequently involve cervical epithelium and produce a macroscopically flat lesion that the authors have called noncondylomatous cervical wart virus infection (NCWVI). Over a 6-month period, 92 of 7281 routine cervical smears (1.3%) and 46 of 183 colposcopically directed punch biopsies (25%) showed morphologic evidence of wart virus infection. The etiologic role of HPV was confirmed by the demonstration of virus particles in 24 of 53 cases (45%) examined by electron microscopy. The colposcopic features of NCWVI consist principally of epithelial opacity and vascular atypia, leading to frequent confusion with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Differences in surface contour, color, vascular patterns, and topography generally permit colposcopic differentiation. These 2 conditions sometimes coexist; whether the association is causal or casual is not presently known.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Forty-six patients were interviewed more than a year after treatment for carcinoma of the cervix to establish the effects of radiation therapy and of surgical therapy on sexual feelings and performance. Group 1 consisted of 22 patients who had undergone radiation therapy for stage I, II, or III cancer of the cervix. Group 2 consisted of 20 patients who had undergone hysterectomy with or without partial vaginectomy for carcinoma in situ. The irradiated patients experienced statistically significant decreases in sexual enjoyment, ability to attain orgasm, libido, frequency of intercourse, opportunity, and sexual dreams. The surgically treated group had no significant change in sexual function after treatment. Both groups experienced a change in self-image but did not feel that their partners or family viewed them differently. Myths about cancer and the actual effects of pelvic irradiation were found to have disrupted the sexual-marital relationships of many women. Therapeutic programs are discussed through which women can be helped through this difficult time in their lives.

ISSN:0029-7844    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID